Paisagem literária e o olhar poético de Marcovaldo sobre a cidade

Abstract

The actual research aims, at first, to make a thematic analysis concerning the mannature-society relationship in Italo Calvino's work, having the Italian context by the second half of the twentieth century as a background, especially during the 1950s. Besides this, the actual paper from this thematic analysis aims to present the dialog between Italo Calvino's literary and essay production, during the 1950s. This process is supported by the hypothesis of common thoughts through his fictional and no fictional/critic production. At first, five stories from the first edition of the collection Marcovaldo ovvero Le stagioni in città (1963) are taken in order to be literarily analyzed. Furthermore, concerning the intersection between Calvino's literary and essay production, some essays from the same period of the stories are analyzed. The theoretical foundation of the actual thesis is based on this intersection between literature and society, which is theoretically supported by some authors and ideas as the Brazilian literary critic Antonio Candido, the German sociologist Georg Simmel, the concept of literary "landscape" from Michael Jakobthis one will drive the analysis of the relationship between Marcovaldo and Nature in the city. Other authors from the Italian critical fortune directly contribute for this actual research: Zangrilli (1984), who shows humoristic topics in the book studied here, Balice (1986), from whom is taken the analysis of the relationship between Marcovaldo and the nature as well as the city, and finally Benussi (1989) and Scarpa (1999), who present the collection of stories and highlight the formal and thematic aspects of the book. The literary analysis of the stories produced in this thesis links theoretical discussion, in one hand, and the theme of the studied, in another hand, relating, after that, our interpretation of the stories with the selected essays in order to validate our hypothesis about the dialogue between the Italian author's fiction and critical thinking.