Pakistan and Afghanistan, 2014 and Beyond: Not Friends, Not Yet Enemies?

Zeb, Rizwan

doi:10.1177/0973174113494599

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…(Zeb, 2017) Both countries should accept this and workout their own version of adverse partnership model. (Zeb, 2013) For this, an integrated and stabilized intelligent mechanism is necessary which help in quick and timely contact between the two countries. Intelligence sharing is an important aspect of this mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Hadrian’s Wall: Managing Pak Afghan Border Security, Diplomatic and Economic Dimensions

Raja¹

2022

PSSR

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The interactions between Pakistan and Afghanistan are driven by mutual socio-cultural and economic benefits. Nevertheless, Durand line has remained the bone of contention between two countries since the established of Pakistan. However consistent rise in cross border militancy, smuggling and terrorist attacks has forced Pakistan to take measures to avoid such a scenario. The main objective of this study is to find a well-orchestrated system to stabilize, manage, and control Pak-Afghan border. The qualitative research method is applied to conduct a critical and comparative analysis based on secondary data. Study findings suggest that to ensure economic interdependence and security on both sides of border, two neighbors should extend hand of cooperation to bring peace and stability in the region. There is need for further research to understand the benefits of cooperation between two countries and opportunities for mutual economic progress

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Hadrian’s Wall: Managing Pak Afghan Border Security, Diplomatic and Economic Dimensions

Raja¹

2022

PSSR

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“…Around 1 million refugees entered different countries of EU during 2015-2016 in which mostly Syrians and Iraqi nationals forced to leave motherland due to civil war in their countries. On the other hand, around 5 million afghan refugees crossed borders and entered Pakistan during cold war (1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989), 1.5 million are still in Pakistan and remaining refugees went back to their homeland Afghanistan (Zeb, 2013). Economic situation of Pakistan drops down due to afghan refugees and terrorism as well as smuggling started due to cross border intervention.…”

Section: Published By Scholink Incmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afghan Refugees in Pakistan and Syrian Refugees in European Union: A Comparative Analysis

Mukhtar¹,

Fayaz²,

Deeba³

2023

JETMM

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Displaced persons are Refugees, cross borders under coercion by force, leave motherland and difficult to return safely to home of parents. Root word is ‘refuge’ from which ‘refugee’ is derived, it means hiding and shelter from danger. Pakistan is not signatory of Refugee Convention 1951 but member of the United Nations (UN). Afghan refugees are living in Pakistan for approximately four decades, the Government of Pakistan provides favorable treatment and atmosphere to Afghan Refugees in Pakistan. Resultantly, Pakistan has been suffering terrorism, political instability, and economic dropdown though after left of Unites States of America (USA) in 2021, many more Afghan Refugees are expected to migrate to Pakistan. International Community is required to work and ensure peace and stability in Afghanistan in order to ensure returning back of Afghan Refugees to their parent’s home safely and work for stability and peace of Afghanistan and the region so that they live there peacefully. According to Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ (UDHR) article 14: everybody has freedom and right to enjoy, seek asylum from persecution in other countries. Asylum right not invoked if (i) genuinely arising prosecutions from non-political crimes, or (ii) acts repugnant to principles and purposes of United Nations, and Convention Relating to Status of Refugee signed in 1951 under United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). There are 145 signatories currently to Refugee Convention 1951 but Pakistan has not yet acceded to Refugee Convention 1951. According to Refugee Convention 1951 preamble: freedom under fundamental rights enjoyed by human beings under Charter of the UN and UDHR without discrimination. The UN has assured efforts to expand freedom under fundamental rights to refugees. Communitarian Critique research methodology is deployed to help understand issues of refugees. Qualitative methodology is used while conducting this research, an analytical and comparative methods to analyze and compare Government of Pakistan’s treatment of Afghan refugees in Pakistan approximately for 4 decades as compare to Syrian Refugees’ treatment by European Union (EU). The largest populated migrants refugee country of the world for 4 decades is Pakistan, approximately 5 million Afghan nationals migrated to Pakistan during Cold War and approximately around 1.3 million still living in Pakistan and they are not willing to go back to Afghanistan specially after withdrawal of USA in 2021. The International Community is required, requested, and suggested to wish, help, and endeavor to build up economies of Afghanistan and Pakistan and try to strengthen stability and peace so that remaining Afghan nationals who are living as refugees in Pakistan can go back to their motherland safely, happily, and live there peacefully.

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“…Since 2001, experts in the field have largely focused on Pakistan's security problems and India's growing influence in Afghanistan. For examples, see (Zeb, 2013) and (Taye & Ahmed, 2021). The Taliban factor has also been considered because of its obvious significance to the stability of Afghanistan and Pakistan, as well as to their interactions with one another (Akhtar, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficit of Trust in Pakistan-Afghanistan Bilateral Relations: An Evaluation from a Security and Economic Perspective from 2001 to 2021

Abbass,

Bano

2024

OAGMR

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At the crossroads of Central and Southern Asia lie two Muslim neighbors i.e., Pakistan and Afghanistan. Similarities in religion, culture, ethnicity, race, and history were predicted to cement the harmonious bilateral connection between the two countries. There have been a lot of obstacles to the development of positive relations between the two republics ever since they were established. Afghanistan's alone neighbor and a key commercial partner, Pakistan and the two countries have a difficult history despite Afghanistan's reliance on Pakistan's seaports and international trade. Tense relations began with the conflicts over the Durand line and Pakhtunistan stunt supported by Afghan government and were exacerbated by subsequent events like the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and the American involvement in the country after September 11, 2001. A large number of refugees fled to Pakistan as a result of these invasions, shaking up the country's politics and economy. India's involvement in Afghan politics has had a major effect on Pakistan's interests in the country and the surrounding region, especially after September 11th, when the United States attempted to offset Chinese influence in the area. India's engagement in Afghanistan and Pakistan's support in the US invasion of Afghanistan are at the root of the current state of bilateral ties. Normalizing bilateral relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan may require the involvement of a third party or agreement on confidence-building measures to enhance the welfare of persons living on the other side of the Durand line and encourage amicable interactions between the two countries. Using a qualitative approach, this article investigates the causes and consequences of the current mistrust in bilateral ties, with a particular emphasis on economic and security problems in the wake of 9/11.

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Pakistan and Afghanistan, 2014 and Beyond: Not Friends, Not Yet Enemies?

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

A New Hadrian’s Wall: Managing Pak Afghan Border Security, Diplomatic and Economic Dimensions

A New Hadrian’s Wall: Managing Pak Afghan Border Security, Diplomatic and Economic Dimensions

Afghan Refugees in Pakistan and Syrian Refugees in European Union: A Comparative Analysis

Deficit of Trust in Pakistan-Afghanistan Bilateral Relations: An Evaluation from a Security and Economic Perspective from 2001 to 2021

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