Pakistan's Peacekeeping Experiences

Krishnasamy, Kabilan

doi:10.1080/714002736

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…He identified two major areas where Pakistan has proved its excellence: contributing ground troops as and when required, and providing expertise to implement peacekeeping projects in emergency situations. 64 Despite these contributions, recognitions and sacrifices, Pakistan still could not use its soft power as one of the largest contributors of troops. Kiani highlights that Pakistan was not invited to policy-level discussions on peacekeeping arranged by the UN in 2004.…”

Section: Peacebuilding Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Power in the Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Prospects and Potentials

Scholar

Professor

Sciences³

2023

ISSI

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Transition and diffusion of power are changing the political context and have made soft power more relevant than ever. The Government of Pakistan has started taking some initiatives to harvest soft power through its foreign policy. These include providing development assistance, signing bilateral and multilateral agreements, promoting culture, providing scholarships to international students, contributing to global peace and providing humanitarian assistance. This study aims to describe how soft power operates within the foreign policy of Pakistan. It also aims to explain how far the integration of soft power in foreign policy benefitted Pakistan and what new strategies are there to explore. The study borrows the conceptual framework of soft power proposed by Joseph Nye, follows the qualitative research design and uses primary and secondary data.

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Section: Peacebuilding Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Power in the Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Prospects and Potentials

Scholar

Professor

Sciences³

2023

ISSI

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“…In a similar vein, Pakistani peacekeepers have often been praised for their community-oriented peacekeeping activities close to local civil society. 8 Although not stated as such, their Islamic background would undoubtedly have helped them in this regard when operating in Muslim societies.…”

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confidence: 98%

Dutch Muslim Soldiers During Peace Operations in Muslim Societies

Bosman¹,

Soeters²,

Bari³

2008

International Peacekeeping

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This research note analyses the experiences of Dutch Muslim soldiers during peace operations in Muslim societies. It is based on 19 in-depth interviews with soldiers and (non-commissioned) officers of different services, for the large part of Moroccan descent. It focuses on their interaction with the local population, mostly Muslims. The findings indicate four types of interactions with the local population: positive encounters, encounters with conflicting loyalties, masked encounters and hostile encounters.Al-gharieb a'ma, walaw basir. . . Even if he was smart, the stranger is blind. . . 1In peace operations, culturally sensitive interaction and communication with the local population is essential. 2 The relevance of culture to peace operations is quite evident: 'Consent will be promoted if the parties feel understood and are made shareholders of the peace process; intervention will be viewed as legitimate if the international community invests time to understand and support the local resources and institutions'. 3 An example of what may happen if the importance of cultural awareness is underestimated was the UN peacekeeping mission in Somalia, where cultural incomprehension increased the risk of large armed confrontations, mistrust by the local population, and excessive levels of racism by some of the troops in theatre. In studies on other peace operations, similar problematic findings were reported, indicating that the local population often see peacekeepers as 'foreigners', 'who are odd' and 'do not communicate with locals' because 'they are more concerned with their own publicity' and 'often have a condescending attitude'. 4 Thus, in order for them to operate effectively, it is essential that soldiers show respect and understanding of the cultural structures in peace operations. 5 This is particularly true for operations in a non-Western context because '[a] failure to understand foreign cultures has been a major contributing factor in multiple national-security and intelligence failures'. 6 There are clear differences in the way armed forces act towards local populations in areas of operations, as a study on Turkish -Dutch cooperation in peacekeeping in Kosovo and Afghanistan shows. 7 Whereas Dutch servicemen were reported sometimes to offend the local population by sunbathing half-naked,

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South Asian Peacekeeping: Regional Possibilities

Basu

2017

The Round Table

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Pakistan's Peacekeeping Experiences

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Soft Power in the Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Prospects and Potentials

Soft Power in the Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Prospects and Potentials

Dutch Muslim Soldiers During Peace Operations in Muslim Societies

South Asian Peacekeeping: Regional Possibilities

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