Palaeogene magmatism in the Faeroe–Shetland Basin: influences on uplift history and sedimentation

Naylor, P. H.; Bell, Brian R.; Jolley, David W.; Durnall, P.; Fredsted, R.

doi:10.1144/0050545

Cited by 80 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…the Columbia RiverGreeley 1982; Self et al 1996Self et al , 1997the Ethiopian Rift-Di Paoloa 1972;Korme et al 1997;the DeccanDuraiswami et al 2001). More importantly, the features described in this paper are consistent with outcrop observations within the North Atlantic Igneous Province (Larsen and Marcussen 1992;Naylor et al 1999;Ritchie et al 1999;Bell and Williamson 2002;Ellis et al 2002). However, the data presented in this paper demonstrate that opacity rendering has some significant advantages over traditional field methodologies when attempting to develop a fuller understanding of continental flood basalt provinces.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Volcanic features of the North Rockall Trough: application of visualisation techniques on 3D seismic reflection data

Thomson

2004

Bull Volcanol

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Understanding the volcanic processes operating during continental break-up is hampered by the subsequent burial of the majority of the volcanic pile beneath thick sedimentary sequences currently located in bathymetrically deep offshore regions. Although portions of these volcanic systems are currently exposed on land, a full understanding of the volcanic structure, the eruptive styles and their evolution is not possible as these localities have been partially eroded. Furthermore, as the onshore exposure represents a volumetrically minor part of the entire system, the documented eruptive styles may not be representative. The increasing availability of 3D seismic reflection data has the potential to significantly enhance our understanding of break-up related volcanism, as it allows direct access to detailed information from the buried volcanic succession. However, conventional seismic interpretation methodologies cannot determine lava flow morphologies, and as a result, eruptive styles and their evolution are still largely based on extrapolation from the accessible onshore outcrop data. New 3D seismic volume visualisation techniques allow the buried basalt morphologies to be examined for the first time in a manner similar to outcrop, aerial photographic or satellite-based observations. Applying this new approach for 3D seismic data to the North Rockall Trough, U.K. Atlantic margin, demonstrates that a range of volcanic features indicative of eruptive style can be determined. The data reveal a complex terrain containing lava flows originating from discrete volcanic centres, contemporaneous normal faults, linear fissures a few kilometres long, radial fissures and inflation ridges. Lava flow morphologies that are indicative of tube-fed inflated sheetflows, intracanyon flows and elongate subaerial flows that enter water downslope to produce a large hyaloclastite delta are observed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Volcanic features of the North Rockall Trough: application of visualisation techniques on 3D seismic reflection data

Thomson

2004

Bull Volcanol

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“…1; Naylor et al 1999;Ritchie et al 1999;Ellis et al 2002). In some distal areas, the FIBG is characterised by prograding volcanic deltas, where subaerial lavas have flowed into substantial bodies of water and auto-brecciated to form hyaloclastite deposits (Naylor et al 1999;Ellis et al 2002;Passey 2004).…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Faroe Islands Basalt Group (Fibg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologies and emplacement mechanisms of the lava flows of the Faroe Islands Basalt Group, Faroe Islands, NE Atlantic Ocean

2007

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The Palaeogene Faroe Islands Basalt Group (FIBG) comprises three eruptive sequences or formations, all emplaced into a subaerial environment during the development of the extensive continental flood basalt province that stretches from East Greenland through the Faroe Islands and into the Faroe-Shetland Basin. The Beinisvørð Formation, having a tabular-classic facies architecture, is composed of a sequence of simple flows each comprising a single sheet lobe. The Beinisvørð Formation is overlain by the distinctly contrasting Malinstindur Formation that has a compound-braided facies architecture. The Enni Formation occurs at the top of the sequence and consists of a mixture of simple and compound flows with tabular-classic and compound-braided facies architectures, respectively. Surface and internal characteristics of the sheet lobes of the Beinisvørð and Enni formations indicate emplacement through inflation, which is more obvious for the tube-fed compound flows of the Malinstindur and Enni formations. The difference between the simple and compound flow sequences of the FIBG is, most likely, linked to the manner in which the lava was supplied during the eruption and the eruptive style of the volcanic system. The sheet lobes were erupted over laterally extensive areas from fissure systems which had a continuous supply of lava, which contrasts with the tube-fed compound flows which were erupted in a gradual, piecemeal manner from pointsourced, low shield volcanoes with limited areal extents.

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“…A thick basaltic lava sequence that covers at least 40,000 km 2 (Naylor et al 1999), as well as doleritic dykes and sills (Stoker et al 1993), developed as a result. The basalt succession in the Faroe-Shetland Basin has been divided into three seismic stratigraphic units (Sørensen 2003).…”

Section: The Faeroe-shetland Basin: a Geological Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining magma flow in sills, dykes and laccoliths and their implications for sill emplacement mechanisms

Thomson

2007

Bull Volcanol

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Three-dimensional seismic data from the FaeroeShetland Basin provides detailed information on the relationships between sills, dykes, laccoliths and contemporaneous volcanic activity. The data shows that sills are predominantly concave upwards, being complete or partial versions of radially or bilaterally symmetrical forms that possess flat inner saucers connected to a flat outer rim by a steeply inclined sheet. Such morphologies are only partially modified by pre-existing faults. Sills can be sourced from dykes or the steep climbing portions of deeper sills. Both sills and dykes can provide magma to overlying volcanic fissures and sills can be shown to feed shallow laccoliths. Magma flow patterns, as revealed by opacity rendering, suggest that sills propagate upwards and outwards away from the magma feeder. As an individual sill can consist of several leaves emplaced at different stratigraphic levels, and as a sill or dyke can provide magma to volcanic fissures, other sills and laccoliths, the data suggests that neutral buoyancy concepts may not provide a complete explanation for the mechanism and level of sill emplacement. Instead, the data suggests that the presence of lithological contrasts, particularly ductile horizons such as overpressured shales may permit sill formation at any level below the neutrally buoyant level.

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Palaeogene magmatism in the Faeroe–Shetland Basin: influences on uplift history and sedimentation

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

Volcanic features of the North Rockall Trough: application of visualisation techniques on 3D seismic reflection data

Volcanic features of the North Rockall Trough: application of visualisation techniques on 3D seismic reflection data

Morphologies and emplacement mechanisms of the lava flows of the Faroe Islands Basalt Group, Faroe Islands, NE Atlantic Ocean

Determining magma flow in sills, dykes and laccoliths and their implications for sill emplacement mechanisms

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