Paleoceanographic Implications of StableIsotope Data from Upper MioceneLower Pliocene Sediments from the Southeast Atlantic (Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 519)

McKenzie, Judith; Weissert, Helmut; Poore, Richard Z.; Wright, R.C.; Percival, Stephen F.; Oberhänsli,; Casey, Helen Marie

doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.73.132.1984

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…An interval of relatively low values occurred during the early Pliocene between about 5 and 4 Ma. This interval corresponds with a period of relative global warmth (Kennett, 1967;Loutit and Kennett, 1979;Ingle, 1967;McKenzie et al, 1984), in which occurred the highest calcareous nannofossil diversity for the Neogene (Lohman, this volume), global marine transgressions (Kennett, 1967;Kennett and Watkins, 1974;Vail and Hardenbol, 1979), and relatively low δ…”

Section: Early Pliocene Increased Biogenic Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Kennett¹,

Borch²

1986

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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This is a synthesis of major middle and late Cenozoic oceanographic and climatic events revealed in a diverse suite of studies by Leg 90 investigators and involving analyses of oxygen and carbon isotopes, sediment character, and accumulation rates and microfossils. The benthic δ 18 θ record in Leg 90 sites exhibits a number of large changes that reflect the sequential development of polar glaciation and cooling of bottom waters beginning in the latest Eocene-earliest Oligocene. Major climatic cooling events in the Leg 90 sequences include the Terminal Eocene Event (37 Ma); middle Oligocene cooling events clustered close to 31 Ma; the Middle Miocene Event (16.5-13.5 Ma); further temporary cooling events during the late middle Miocene (12.5 to 11.5 Ma) and the earliest late Miocene (11-9 Ma); the Terminal Miocene Event (-6.2-5.0 Ma), the Middle Pliocene Cooling Event at 3.4 Ma; the Late Pliocene Event at 2.6-2.4 Ma; and amplification of glacial-interglacial oscillations during the Quaternary at 0.9 Ma (Jaramillo Paleomagnetic Subchron). The climax of Neogene warmth occurred during the early Miocene, especially between 19.5 and 16.5 Ma. The sequences record the development during the Cenozoic of latitudinal and vertical thermal gradients in the southwest Pacific region. Major, permanent increases in the vertical temperature gradients occurred in association with the Middle Miocene Event (16.5-13.5 Ma), the Middle Pliocene Cooling Event (3.4 Ma) and the Late Pliocene Event (2.6-2.4 Ma). Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal assemblages underwent important changes near the Eocene/Oligocene boundary and during the earliest Middle Miocene, the latest Miocene, and the late Pliocene and Quaternary. Late Neogene benthic foraminiferal changes are, in part, related to changes in the organic flux rates that accompanied changes in biogenic sedimentation rates and inferred surface-water productivity. Changes in clay mineralogy, wind-blown terrigenous sediments, and opal phytoliths in the Lord Howe Rise Sites record a general expansion of Australian deserts. Important steps in aridification occurred during the Middle Miocene Event; the Terminal Miocene Event (~5 Ma), and the Middle Pliocene Cooling Event (-3.4 Ma).

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Section: Early Pliocene Increased Biogenic Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…18 θ values (Shackleton and Kennett, 1975a;Kennett et al, 1979;Loutit and Kennett, 1979;Loutit and Keigwin, 1982;Ciesielski et al, 1982;McKenzie et al, 1984;Hodell et al, in press).…”

Section: Climatic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Kennett¹,

Borch²

1986

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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“…This sea-level fall was also sufficient to isolate the Mediterranean and initiate the "Messinian Salinity Crisis" (Cita, 1982) between about 5.7 and 5.2 Ma. Previous work has indicated that the sea-level fall was largely glacioeustatic because of the rapidity of the fall and its association with surface-water cooling at middle and high latitudes (Kennett, 1967;Kennett and Watkins, 1974;Loutit and Kennett, 1979;Loutit, 1981) and with a period of relatively high δ 18 θ values (Shackleton and Kennett, 1975a;Kennett et al, 1979;Loutit and Kennett, 1979;Ciesielski et al, 1982;McKenzie et al, 1984).…”

Section: Latest Miocene Carbon Isotope Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An interval of relatively increased values occurred in the early Pliocene, between about 5 and 4 Ma. This interval corresponds with a period of relative global warmth (Kennett, 1967;Loutit and Kennett, 1979;Ingle, 1967;McKenzie et al, 1984); global marine transgression (Kennett, 1967;Kennett and Watkins, 1974;Vail and Hardenbol, 1979); relatively low δ 18 θ values in benthic foraminifers as shown at Site 590 and in records elsewhere Hodell, Elmstrom, and Kennett, unpublished data), reflecting a decrease in global ice volume; and a marine transgression in the Mediterranean with restoration of p>elagic sedimentation. I suggest that the early Pliocene interval of high δ 13 C values resulted from marine transgression.…”

Section: Early Pliocene Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miocene to Early Pliocene Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy in the Southwest Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 90

Kennett¹

1986

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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High-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope stratigraphy is presented for Miocene to early Pliocene sequences at three DSDP sites from the Lord Howe Rise, southwest Pacific, at water depths ranging from 1,300 to 2,000 m. Site 588 is located in the warm subtropics (~ 26°S), whereas Sites 590 and 591 are positioned in transitional (northern temperate) water masses (~ 31°S). Benthic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotope analyses were conducted on all sites; planktonic foraminiferal isotope data were generated for Site 590 only. Sample resolution in these sequences is on the order of 50,000 yr. or better. The chronological framework employed in this study is based largely upon ages assigned to Neogene calcareous nannoplankton boundaries.

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“…The 5 (Shackleton and Kennett, 1975;Cita and Ryan, 1979;McKenzie et al, 1984;McKenzie and Oberhansli, 1985;among others). These interpretations, however were based on sites that were sampled at too large intervals to resolve with precision the true nature of late Miocene climatic variability.…”

Section: The Stable Isotope Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic Foraminiferal Events and Stable Isotope Records in the Upper Miocene, Site 654

Glacon¹,

Grazzini²,

Iaccarino³

et al. 1990

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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The late Miocene sediments of the Tyrrhenian ODP Site 654 encompass a deepening sequence which begins with glauconite shallow water sands followed by a rapid transition to deep water sediments and culminates with dolomitic mudstones associated with Messinian evaporites. The sequence compares well with the so-called "Sahelian cycle" and with post-orogenic cycles recognized in peninsular Italy and Sicily. The studied interval, consisting of 55 m thick nannofossil oozes, belongs to the Globorotalia suterae subzone and lower part of the Globorotalia conomiozea Zone, indicating late Tortonian and early Messinian age, respectively. Biomagnetostratigraphic correlation assigns the Tortonian/ Messinian boundary an age of 6.44-6.45 Ma. In addition, six main events have been recognized, based on the range of keeled globorotaliids and coiling direction changes of keeled and unkeeled globorotaliids, which have been correlated to the geomagnetic time-scale. Comparison with North Atlantic sites and land sections of the Guadalquivir basin and northern Morocco provides good correlations with the events documented in these areas. In particular, Event IV, which predates the FO of Globorotalia conomiozea, may be used to recognize the Tortonian/Messinian boundary in extraMediterranean areas where G. conomiozea is missing. Variations in the distribution of different species of Globigerinoides are related to changes in the surficial marine environment. Although no clear trends can be recognized on the oxygen and carbon isotope records of Globigerinoides obliquus, the parallelism between the occurrence of low salinity species (G. sacculifer) and peaks of low 518 0 values, as well as that of normal salinity species (G. obliquus) and peaks of high 518 0 values, suggests strong local changes of environmental conditions. The high amplitude of the fluctuations of 518 0 values suggests important variations in the salinity of the Tyrrhenian Sea, related to a rapidly changing water budget. The major feature of the carbon isotope record is a large decrease between 7.0 and 6.95 Ma, which therefore predates the 6.2 Ma global "carbon shift." INTRODUCTION METHODS

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Paleoceanographic Implications of StableIsotope Data from Upper MioceneLower Pliocene Sediments from the Southeast Atlantic (Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 519)

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Miocene to Early Pliocene Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy in the Southwest Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 90

Planktonic Foraminiferal Events and Stable Isotope Records in the Upper Miocene, Site 654

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Paleoceanographic Implications of StableIsotope Data from Upper MioceneLower Pliocene Sediments from the Southeast Atlantic (Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 519)

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Southwest Pacific Cenozoic Paleoceanography

Miocene to Early Pliocene Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy in the Southwest Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 90

Planktonic Foraminiferal Events and Stable Isotope Records in the Upper Miocene, Site 654

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Paleoceanographic Implications of StableIsotope Data from Upper MioceneLower Pliocene Sediments from the Southeast Atlantic (Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 519)