Paleochemistry of manganese in corals from the Galapagos Islands

Shen, Guanjun; Campbell, Todd M.; Dunbar, Robert B.; Wellington, Gerard M.; Colgan, Mitchell W.; Glynn, Peter W.

doi:10.1007/bf00571827

Cited by 90 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On the contrary, corals at site II (Ras Za'farana) did not reXect the elevated Cu concentrations in seawater and sediments at this site (Table 1). This may be attributed to the fact that the ability of corals to take and accumulate metals in their tissue is dependent on the physical and chemical characteristics of metals and the environmental factors of seawater in which they live including water currents, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and temperature (Waldichuk 1985;Shen et al 1991). Copper is one of the metals readily removed from solution by adsorption to particles (Clark 1992;Turner 2010).…”

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…collected from Site III and Lithophyton arboreum collected from site VI contained the highest concentrations of Zn (141.3 § 16.87 and 123.6 § 12.43 g g ¡1 , respectively, Table 2). The possible explanation is that the environmental factors at sites III and VI can increase Zn uptake and accumulation in these corals (Waldichuk 1985;Shen et al 1991), in addition these corals probably able to regulate the high concentration of Zn in their tissue (Klumpp and Peterson 1979;Peters et al 1997). The most likely mechanism for incorporation of zinc in corals is a combination of uptake of seawater-soluble metals and incorporation via coral polyp feeding (Howard and Brown 1984).…”

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting to note that the higher levels of lead in corals taken from site V (Table 2) did not reXect low concentrations of Pb in seawater and sediments at this site (Table 1). It is hypothesized that the environmental parameters at this site may increase the rate of metal uptake and accumulation by corals at the expense of excretion rate (removal of pollutants from tissue), even though the lead concentrations in the environment are very low (Waldichuk 1985;Shen et al 1991). Furthermore, Sinularia spp.…”

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea

2010

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Concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co and Fe) were measured in the seawater, sediments, common scleractinian reef-building corals and soft corals (Octocorallia : Alcyonacea) at seven reef sites in the Northern Red Sea: I (Hurghada), II (Ras Za'farana), III (El-Ain Al-Sukhna), IV (El-Tur), V (Sha'b Rashdan), VI (Sharm El-Sheikh) and VII (Dahab). Levels of heavy metals were considerably elevated in seawater, sediments and corals collected from reef sites exposed to increased environmental contamination, as a result of diversiWed natural and anthropogenic inputs. Soft corals of genera Lithophyton, Sarcophyton and Sinularia showed higher concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni than hard coral genera Acropora and Stylophora. Soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum collected from El Ain Al-Suhkna (Gulf of Suez) had greater concentration of Cu, followed by hard corals Acropora pharaonis and Acropora hemprichi. The elevated levels of Zn, Cd and Ni were reported in the dry tissue of soft coral Sinularia spp. On the other hand, the soft coral Lithophyton arboreum displayed the highest concentration of Pb at Sha'b Rashdan (Gulf of Suez) and elevated concentration of Zn at Sharm El-Sheikh. Sediments showed signiWcantly higher concentration of Fe than corals. The higher levels of Fe in hard corals than soft corals reXected the incorporation of Fe into the aragonite and the chelation with the organic matrix of the skeleton. The greater abundance of soft corals in metal-contaminated reef sites and the elevated levels of metals in their tissue suggesting that the soft corals could develop a tolerance mechanism to relatively high concentrations of metals. Although the eVects of heavy metals on reef corals were not isolated from the possible eVects of other stresses, the percentage cover of dead corals were signiWcantly higher as the concentrations of heavy metals increased.

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Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea

2010

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“…In the eastern Paci"c, a comprehensive network of coral climate reconstructions is developing (Dru!el, 1981;Dru!el et al, 1990;Linn et al, 1990;Shen et al, 1991Shen et al, , 1992Dunbar et al, 1994Dunbar et al, , 1996Carriquiry et al, 1994Carriquiry et al, , 1998Linsley et al, 1994Linsley et al, , 1999Wellington and Dunbar, 1995;Shen, 1996;Wellington et al, 1996). The 280-yr O record from a rainfall-sensitive site near Panama indicates decadal periods in the strength/position of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) precipitation (Fig.…”

Section: Decadal Variability and Ensomentioning

confidence: 99%

New views of tropical paleoclimates from corals

Gagan

Ayliffe

Beck

et al. 2000

Quaternary Science Reviews

455

287

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Corals o!er a rich archive of past climate variability in tropical ocean regions where instrumental data are limited and where our knowledge of multi-decadal climate sensitivity is incomplete. In the eastern equatorial Paci"c, coral isotopic records track variations in ENSO-related changes in sea-surface temperature; further west, corals record variability in sea-surface temperature and rainfall that accompanies zonal displacement of the Indonesian Low during ENSO events. These multi-century records reveal previously unrecognised ENSO variability on time scales of decades to centuries. Outside the ENSO-sensitive equatorial Paci"c, long-term trends towards recent warmer/wetter conditions suggest the tropics respond to global forcings. New coral paleothermometers indicate that surface-ocean temperatures in the tropical southwestern Paci"c were depressed by 4}63C during the Younger Dryas climatic event and rose episodically during the next 4000 yr. High temporal-resolution measurements of Sr/Ca and O in corals provide information about the surface-ocean hydrologic balance and can resolve the seasonal balance between precipitation and evaporation. Radiocarbon measurements in corals, coupled with ocean circulation models, may be used to reconstruct near-surface ocean circulation, past mixing rates, and the distribution of fossil fuel CO in the upper ocean. Most recently, seasonal to interannual variations in the radiocarbon of corals from the equatorial Paci"c have been linked to the redistribution of surface waters associated with the ENSO.

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“…More signifi cantly, Sr ID-TIMS analysis is routine work in numerous laboratories, whereas mainly because of the serious mass fractionation Furthermore, Ca measurements can also be saved in other trace element studies on corals. For example, seasonal variations of Mn/Ca ratios in corals are about 30% (Shen et al, 1991), those of Mg/Ca ratios are 25% (Mitsuguchi et al, 1996), U/Ca ratios vary 17% (Min et al, 1995), and Ba/ Ca ratios vary 15% (Lea et al, 1989). We suggest that these variations are also almost entirely caused by the intrinsic differences in concentra tions of the trace elements.…”

Section: High Precision Monthly Coral Ca Variationmentioning

confidence: 68%

Sr thermometer for Porites corals. Little need to measure Ca?

et al. 1999

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Cubic sub-samples of 1 mm 3 (about 0.5 mg) were obtained from a Porites coral slice collected from Xisha Island, South China Sea, and analysed for Sr and Ca concentrations by ID-TIMS after precise weigh ing. Ca contents in the coral are quite uniform (mean = 38.16 wt%, 2a = 0.11 wt%). The variation corre sponds to ±0.4°C, about the level of uncertainty of the Sr/Ca-SST calibration. Sr concentrations and Sr/Ca ratios covary linearly, and the line can be defined by the equation Sr/Ca x 103 = 0.111 Sr 0.5061 (corre lation coefficient r = 0.9955), where Sr is in umol/gm. Consequently, our results demonstrate that the previously established coral Sr/Ca thermometer,

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Paleochemistry of manganese in corals from the Galapagos Islands

Cited by 90 publications

References 38 publications

Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea

Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea

New views of tropical paleoclimates from corals

Sr thermometer for Porites corals. Little need to measure Ca?

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