Paleoclimatic and paleoecological reconstruction of a middle to late Eocene South American tropical dry forest

Martínez, Camila; Jaramillo, Carlos; Martínez-Murcia, Jhonatan; Crepet, William L.; Cárdenas, Andrés; Escobar, Jaime; Moreno, Federico; Pardo-Trujillo, Andrés; Caballero‐Rodríguez, Dayenari

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103617

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Dated at c . 47.3–33.9 Ma using biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic correlations (Martínez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A geological map of the region and the stratigraphic details of the locality can be found in Martínez (2018) and Martínez et al . (2021). Approximately 400 specimens were collected from this locality, mostly compressions and impressions of angiosperm leaves, but also including seeds, fruits and flowers (Martínez, 2017, 2018; Pérez‐Consuegra et al ., 2017; Martínez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nov. was collected on the western flank of the Eastern Cordillera in Santander, Colombia, from a fossiliferous locality in lacustrine facies of the Eocene Esmeraldas Formation. The age of the locality was determined based on a biostratigraphic pollen correlation and a chemostratigraphic analysis as middle to late Eocene (Martínez et al ., 2021). This site is located in the Nuevo Mundo Syncline, Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, in the area of the Topocoro Dam near the road that leads from Bucaramanga to Barrancabermeja.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2021). Approximately 400 specimens were collected from this locality, mostly compressions and impressions of angiosperm leaves, but also including seeds, fruits and flowers (Martínez, 2017, 2018; Pérez‐Consuegra et al ., 2017; Martínez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic

et al. 2023

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Fossil discoveries can transform our understanding of plant diversification over time and space. Recently described fossils in many plant families have pushed their known records farther back in time, pointing to alternative scenarios for their origin and spread.Here, we describe two new Eocene fossil berries of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) from the Esmeraldas Formation in Colombia and the Green River Formation in Colorado (USA). The placement of the fossils was assessed using clustering and parsimony analyses based on 10 discrete and five continuous characters, which were also scored in 291 extant taxa.The Colombian fossil grouped with members of the tomatillo subtribe, and the Coloradan fossil aligned with the chili pepper tribe. Along with two previously reported early Eocene fossils from the tomatillo genus, these findings indicate that Solanaceae were distributed at least from southern South America to northwestern North America by the early Eocene.Together with two other recently discovered Eocene berries, these fossils demonstrate that the diverse berry clade and, in turn, the entire nightshade family, is much older and was much more widespread in the past than previously thought.

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“…Dated at c . 47.3–33.9 Ma using biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic correlations (Martínez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic

et al. 2023

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“…The overall trend in species diversity of the Neotropical forests during the early Eocene to Oligocene interval follows the same variations as global temperature, including an increase during both the PETM and EECO (Jaramillo et al ., 2006, 2010b), and a sharp decrease at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (Jaramillo et al ., 2006; Jaramillo & Cardenas, 2013). The Eocene record also shows the earliest evidence of Neotropical South American dry forests (TDF), during the late Middle Eocene of Perú (Woodcock et al ., 2009, 2017, 2019, 2020; Woodcock & Meyer, 2020), and the Late Eocene in central Colombia that includes the presence of the Pterocarpus clade (Fabaceae), Bombacoideae, and Euphorbiaceae (Martinez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Paleogene the Onset Of The Trf And Tdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of extant South American tropical biomes

Jaramillo

2023

New Phytologist

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This review explores the evolution of extant South American tropical biomes, focusing on when and why they developed. Tropical vegetation experienced a radical transformation from being dominated by non-angiosperms at the onset of the Cretaceous to full angiosperm dominance nowadays. Cretaceous tropical biomes do not have extant equivalents; lowland forests, dominated mainly by gymnosperms and ferns, lacked a closed canopy. This condition was radically transformed following the massive extinction event at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The extant lowland tropical rainforests first developed at the onset of the Cenozoic with a multistratified forest, an angiosperm-dominated closed canopy, and the dominance of the main families of the tropics including legumes. Cenozoic rainforest diversity has increased during global warming and decreased during global cooling. Tropical dry forests emerged at least by the late Eocene, whereas other Neotropical biomes including tropical savannas, montane forests, p aramo/puna, and xerophytic forest are much younger, greatly expanding during the late Neogene, probably at the onset of the Quaternary, at the expense of the rainforest.

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Botany and geogenomics: Constraining geological hypotheses in the neotropics with large‐scale genetic data derived from plants

Bedoya

2024

American J of Botany

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Decades of empirical research have revealed how the geological history of our planet shaped plant evolution by establishing well‐known patterns (e.g., how mountain uplift resulted in high rates of diversification and replicate radiations in montane plant taxa). This follows a traditional approach where botanical data are interpreted in light of geological events. In this synthesis, I instead describe how by integrating natural history, phylogenetics, and population genetics, botanical research can be applied alongside geology and paleontology to inform our understanding of past geological and climatic processes. This conceptual shift aligns with the goals of the emerging field of geogenomics. In the neotropics, plant geogenomics is a powerful tool for the reciprocal exploration of two long standing questions in biology and geology: how the dynamic landscape of the region came to be and how it shaped the evolution of the richest flora. Current challenges that are specific to analytical approaches for plant geogenomics are discussed. I describe the scale at which various geological questions can be addressed from biological data and what makes some groups of plants excellent model systems for geogenomics research. Although plant geogenomics is discussed with reference to the neotropics, the recommendations given here for approaches to plant geogenomics can and should be expanded to exploring long‐standing questions on how the earth evolved with the use of plant DNA.

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Paleoclimatic and paleoecological reconstruction of a middle to late Eocene South American tropical dry forest

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic

Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic

The evolution of extant South American tropical biomes

Botany and geogenomics: Constraining geological hypotheses in the neotropics with large‐scale genetic data derived from plants

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