Paleoclimatic Signature in Terrestrial Flood Deposits

Koltermann, Christine E.; Gorelick, Steven M.

doi:10.1126/science.256.5065.1775

Cited by 114 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One is to take advantage of climate cycles and use these as the driving variable in the experiment itself. For example, Koltermann and Gorelick (1992) used reconstructed climate history to drive a model of alluvial fan development in the San Francisco Bay Area. Another approach is to focus on landscape evolution on time scales much longer than a glacial-interglacial cycle.…”

Section: Ingredients Of a Natural Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural experiments in landscape evolution

Tucker

2009

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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A natural experiment in landscape evolution is a case study of landform development in which only one element varies significantly, and for which the driving forces, initial conditions, and/or boundary conditions are well constrained. Natural experiments provide a means of testing landscape evolution theory on the large space and time scales to which that theory applies. Natural experiments can involve either steady or transient conditions. Cases with steady conditions allow one to test predictions about the relationships among topography, erosion rates, and various attributes related to climate and material properties. Transient cases are valuable for distinguishing between models whose predictions might be similar, and therefore indistinguishable, under steady conditions. Essential ingredients of a natural experiment include minimal variation in all but one factor, good constraints on timing and/or rates, well-characterized processes, and high quality topographic data. Other useful ingredients include information about intermediate topographic states (such as a former valley profile revealed by strath terraces), and knowledge of the time history of erosion rates. In order to deepen our understanding of the physics and chemistry of longterm landscape evolution, there is a pressing need to identify natural experiments and develop the necessary databases to take advantage of them.

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Section: Ingredients Of a Natural Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural experiments in landscape evolution

Tucker

2009

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Peter (1992a, 1992. Selected evidence is given here, mainly from the southeastern part of the subbasin, to demonstrate the style of deformation.…”

Section: Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peter (1987), Yeo and Ruixing (sic) (1986), Boehner etal. (1986), and Hamblin (1989, 1992. A generalized summary of the Maritimes Basin has been given by Bradley (1982).…”

Section: A R It Im E S B a Sin G E O M E T R Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritimes Basin evolution: key geologic and seismic evidence from the Moncton Subbasin of New Brunswick

Peter

1993

atgeol

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The Maritimes Basin is a composite large (148,000 km^), post-Acadian internal successor basin. It comprises several early northeast-to east-trending, relatively deep, isolated subbasins which are covered by mainly regionally derived and widely distributed fluviatile sequences. The early basin fill in the Moncton Subbasin of southeastern New Brunswick is seen from stratigraphic and seismic reflection evidence to comprise two depositional sequences (allocycles) which are separated by a basin-wide unconformity. The basal cycle, the Horton Group, is a 3 to 5 km thick coarse-fine-coarse (alluvial-lacustrinealluvial) cycle. The medial lacustrine interval implies a period of rapid subsidence. The unconformably overlying allocycle, recorded by the Windsor and Hopewell groups, is a coarse-fine-coarse (alluvial-marine-alluvial) cycle. The marine part of the Windsor Group indicates a medial period of tectonic subsidence or eustatic sea level rise.The depositional history of the Moncton Subbasin sensu stricto ended following Hopewell time when the subbasin was inverted by late Namurian deformation. The Hopewell and older basin fill is unconformably overlain by quartzose fluviatile sandstones with associated inter-channel mudstones and paludal deposits of the regionally distributed late Namurian/ Westphalian Cumberland Group. Cumberland rocks are succeeded by meandering(?) fluviatile strata of the late Westphalian/ Permian Pictou Group. An angular discordance between Cumberland and Pictou strata implies a period of uplift or regional tilting.The tectonism that initiated and terminated the early allocycles and which is recorded by unconformities following Horton and Hopewell deposition is seen from structural data and scismic reflection profiles to have resulted from dextral transpression. Evidence includes a network of basin-parallel northeast-trending anastomosing faults (many with shallowly pitching slickensides), associated en echelon folds, and geologically and seismically identified positive flower structures. An interpretation of early Maritimes Basin evolution in a wrench setting is consistent with the many northeast-trending steeply dipping terrane boundary faults in the underlying basement and with most recently published evidence of Variscan (Alleghenian) orogenesis as resulting from dextral oblique collision of Laurentia and Gondwana.Le bassin des Maritimes est un bassin successeur interne d'age post-acadien, composite et de grandes dimensions (148 000 km^). 11 comprend plusieurs sous-bassins primitifs isoles, de direction nord-est a est, et relativement profonds, qui sont recouverts par des sequences fluviatiles largement reparties et de sources generalement regionales. On peut considerer que le remplissage initial du sous-bassin de Moncton au sud-est du Nouveau-Brunswick, d'apres les donnees statigraphique et de sismique reflexion, comprend deux sequences de deposition (allocycles) separees par une discordance sur toute l'etendue du bassin. Le cycle de base, le Groupe d'Horton, est un cycle grossier-fin-grossier...

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“…In a study of geologic sedimentation and fault movement in California, Kolterman and Gorelick (1992) summarized the longterm runoff and climate of coastal streams from the Smith River in the north to the San Luis Rey River in the south. The digital data were not included in their journal paper, but was scaled from plots provided, and is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: California α Values Extendedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average Annual Precipitation (P), Runoff (Q), Area, Temperature (T), and α for California Coastal Watersheds from Kolterman and Gorelick (1992) Scaled Data Precipitação). Table 4 includes the calculated α values using the P∶Q parameters and the generalized Grunsky's equations.…”

Section: Portugalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Mediterranean Annual Water Yield Model: Grunsky’s Equation and Long-Term Average Temperature

Santos

Hawkins

2011

J. Hydrol. Eng.

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To estimate mean annual water yield on ungauged watersheds, regional regression equations have been developed that are a function of upstream area, precipitation, and temperature, and are commonly used. In this study, the 100-year old Grunsky equation is used as the foundation for a fully implemented generalized Mediterranean water yield model that is based on long-term annual precipitation and temperature. The work here (1) extends and generalizes Grunsky's equation beyond its original conditions, (2) establishes an underlying hydro-climate generalized model for average annual Mediterranean watershed water yield and loss calculation, and (3) applies the validated model to estimate watershed water yield and predict potential water yield response to watershed temperature and precipitation. The water yield model was applied to watersheds in coastal California, southern France, and Portugal, but might be applied to other Mediterranean sites for which precipitation and temperature data are available. It also can be used to examine the spatial and temporal variability for water yield and predict the effects of long-term climate changes at the regional scale.

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Paleoclimatic Signature in Terrestrial Flood Deposits

Cited by 114 publications

References 34 publications

Natural experiments in landscape evolution

Natural experiments in landscape evolution

Maritimes Basin evolution: key geologic and seismic evidence from the Moncton Subbasin of New Brunswick

Generalized Mediterranean Annual Water Yield Model: Grunsky’s Equation and Long-Term Average Temperature

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