Paleoecology of Upper Eifelian and Lower Givetian coral limestones in the northwestern Sauerland (Devonian; Rhenish Massif)

May, Andreas

doi:10.1007/bf02539796

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The occurrence of the genera Halysis (= Flabellia in May 1993b, described from the Grünewiese Member and Bredenbruch Member), Givetianella tsienii (Fig. 8b), Kamaena, and Resteignella suggests a maximum water depth of 90 m and, with high probability, a water depth of less than 50 m (compare Roux 1985 andMay 1992a).…”

Section: Calcimicrobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparable microfacies were described by Hubmann (1993) and Préat et al (2007). MF-6 is known from the lower Givetian of the northwestern Sauerland (May 1992a(May , 1993c, where it plays a significant role in the substrate colonisation of reefal pionier stages. The growth of coverstones requires a localised, episodic interruption of debris shedding within the otherwise agitated setting of MF-2 and MF-3.…”

Section: Coverstone/bindstone ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The initial phase of the Hönne Valley Reef at Binolen (northern Rhenish Massif, Middle Devonian)

Löw

Söte

Becker

et al. 2022

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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The Hagen-Balve Reef Complex of the northern Rhenish Massif, Germany, is one of the best examples for the globally widespread Givetian to Frasnian reefs. At its eastern end, in the Hönne Valley, it reaches up to 1000 metres in thickness. In general, there is limited knowledge concerning the faunas and palaeoecology of Rhenish initial reef phases. A unique section at Binolen exposes the sharp boundary between the underlying, siliciclastic Upper Honsel Formation and the lower part of the reefal Hagen-Balve Formation. A ca. 14 m thick succession is assigned to the new Binolen Member and investigated in terms of carbonate microfacies, micro-, and macrofaunas. Seven microfacies types (MF) characterise a crinoidal coral-stromatoporoid garden setting (MF-2 to MF-6) or allobiostrome of an initial open platform turning upsection into a coral parabiostrome (MF-7/8). The base of the Asbeck Member is locally defined by the appearance of back-reef facies types, such as fenestral limestones (MF-9), which indicate the transformation into a bioherm. Low-diversity conodont faunas prove an influx of open shelf organisms for the Binolen Member and suggest a lower Givetian age (probably Polygnathus timorensis Zone). There are two new Givetian conodont biofacies types characteristic for open biostrome settings, the Bipennatus Biofacies and a Simple Cone Biofacies. Thin sections reveal over 40 different reef builders (rugose and tabulate corals, stromatoporoids, and chaetetid sponges). Around 4200 microfossils from conodont residues consist of agglutinating foraminifers, calcareous sponge spicules (e.g. Heteractinida), scolecodonts, echinoderms (mostly crinoid ossicles and holothurian sclerites), pyritised benthic ostracods, assumed calcified moulds of chitinozoans, subordinate microvertebrates, and other groups. They were analysed quantitatively in order to document changing distribution patterns and environments through time. We distinguish six microfossil-based biofacies types (BF), namely the Ostracoda Biofacies (BF-O), Foraminifera Biofacies (BF-F), Scolecodont Biofacies (BF-S), Chitinozoa Biofacies (BF-C), Porifera-Scolecodont Biofacies (BF-PS), and Porifera-Echinodermata Biofacies (BF-PE). Microfacies and microfossil assemblages led to a reconstruction of the local facies development, consisting of seven successive depophases with further subdivisions. At the base, the sudden termination of siliciclastic influx enabled a proliferation of reef builders and microfaunas (Depophase I), followed by a longer deepening phase characterised by exclusive bioclastic wackestones (Depophase II). Depophase III is a short regressive phase with crinoidal coral-stromatoporoid floatstones. Depophase IV is characterised by fluctuations in facies and relative sea-level, which results in three subphases. Depophase V resembles Depophase III, but with argillaceous interbeds and more abundant scolecodonts. It is followed by an interval with coral-stromatoporoid rudstones, which grade into coral-dominated bafflestones of an (auto)parabiostrome (both Depophase VI). Depophase VII represent the back-reef facies, including fenestral pack-bindstones of the basal Asbeck Member. The systematic analysis of reefal microfaunas represents pioneer work that should be tested and expanded to other reefs of the Rhenish Massif and beyond.

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Section: Calcimicrobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coverstone/bindstone ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

The initial phase of the Hönne Valley Reef at Binolen (northern Rhenish Massif, Middle Devonian)

Löw

Söte

Becker

et al. 2022

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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“…Only small biostromes formed in protected positions or on small topographic highs (e.g. May 1983May , 1992May , 1994bMay , 2003. These lasted only for brief episodes and were buried by shifting silt-and sandstone wedges.…”

Section: Regional Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning, extinction, and subsequent facies development of the Devonian Hönne Valley Reef (northern Rhenish Massif, Germany)

Stichling

Becker

Hartenfels

et al. 2022

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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The Hagen-Balve Reef is one of the largest Devonian carbonate complexes in the Rhenish Massif exposed in many former or active, economically significant quarries, especially in the Hönne Valley region at its eastern end. The timing and patterns of reef drowning, final extinction, and the middle Frasnian to middle Famennian post-reefal facies history, including details of the global Kellwasser Crisis, were studied based on two boreholes (HON_1101 and B102) and one outcrop at the Beul near Eisborn. More than 100 conodont samples provided a fine biostratigraphic framework and included new forms left in open nomenclature. The ca. upper 80 m of the new Asbeck Member of the Hagen-Balve Formation consists of relatively monotonous lagoonal successions assigned to four microfacies types. The local diversity of reef builders, mostly stromatoporoids, is low. Fenestral microbialites indicate very shallow and rather hostile back-reef settings. Near the Middle/Upper Devonian boundary, the eustatic pulses of the global Frasnes Events led to a significant backstepping of the reef margin, with reef core/outer slope facies overlying lagoonal facies. This flooding drastically reduced the carbonate accumulation rate and enabled the invasion of drowned back-reef areas by open-water organisms, such as polygnathid conodonts. Within this Eisborn Member, five microfacies types and numerous subtypes are distinguished including low-diversity “coral gardens” and a final, top lower Frasnian parabiostrome dominated by tabulate and colonial rugose corals. There was no cap stage (“Iberg Facies”). Two phases of the Basal Frasnes Event are marked by dark, organic rich limestones with subordinate reef builders. Based on conodont fauna from overlying nodular limestones of the new, (hemi-)pelagic Beul Formation, the final Hönne Valley reef extinction was caused by the eustatic Middlesex Event at the lower/middle Frasnian boundary. Within the Beul Formation, eight subphotic submarine rise microfacies types are distinguished. After a lower middle Frasnian phase of extreme condensation, rich conodont faunas enable the recognition of most upper Frasnian to middle Famennian zones. The global semichatovae Event led to a regionally unique intercalation by four phases of organic-rich, laminated black shales and intervening thin limestones in core HON_1101. The Lower Kellwasser Event is represented in HON_1101 by atypical, moderately Corg-rich, recrystallized, peloidal ostracod-mollusk pack-grainstones. The Upper Kellwasser level begins with an ostracod bloom, followed either by recrystallized mollusk wacke-packstones (HON_1101) or laminated, argillaceous mudstones (B102). The first indicates a rarely documented shallow subphotic, better oxygenated setting than typical Upper Kellwasser facies. As elsewhere, the top-Frasnian conodont extinction was severe. The lower/middle Famennian carbonate microfacies of the Beul Formation is relatively monotonous and typical for an oxic, pelagic submarine rise. The youngest recorded nodular limestones fall in the Palmatolepis marginifera utahensis Zone. Regionally uniform lydites of the Hardt Formation show that the local palaeotopography was levelled before the base of the Viséan. The Hönne Valley case study and comparisons with western parts of the Hagen-Balve Reef and other Rhenish reefs underline the significance of Givetian to middle Frasnian eustatic and anoxic events as causes for reef extinctions.

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“…We repeat a key point made earlier in this study, that the Devonian Period witnessed the most remarkable reef-building episode in the Phanerozoic, and particularly, stromatoporoid-coral reefs reached a climax during the early to middle Givetian (Copper, 2002), and distributed globally in low latitudes, extending even to higher latitudes (Kiessling, 2001;Jakubowicz et al, 2019). Metazoan reefs built mainly by stromatoporoids and tabulate and rugose corals were quite common in many other localities around the world, such as the lower Givetian coral limestones of Rhenish Massif (35 species of 33 genera, major reef builders include stromatoporoid Stictostroma, Clathrocoilona and tabulate coral Alveolites; May, 1992), Horn Plateau reefs in Canada (76 species, major reef builders include tabulate coral Alveolites, Favosites, Thamnopora, rugose coral Atelophyllum, Australophyllum, Hexagonaria, and stromatoporoid Trupetostroma, Stromatopora; Vopni and Lerbekmo, 1972), and Aferdou el Mrakib reefs in Morocco (46 species of 36 genera, major reef builder tabulate coral Heliolites, Favosites, rugose corals Phillipsastrea, Endophyllum, Thamnophyllum, and stromatoporoid Stromatoporella, Actinostroma; Jakubowicz et al, 2019). Although the reef-building organisms varied among different reef sites, it is apparent that the laminar growth forms of reef-building organisms including stromatoporoids and tabulate corals are a common feature of the Givetian communities and widespread on different palaeocontinents.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Givetian Reefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the reef-building organisms varied among different reef sites, it is apparent that the laminar growth forms of reef-building organisms including stromatoporoids and tabulate corals are a common feature of the Givetian communities and widespread on different palaeocontinents. On the other hand, biotic interactions, including encrustations, spatial competition, and various forms of symbiosis among these metazoan reefs are a common feature and occur frequently (May, 1992;Zhen and West, 1997), which plays an important role in the reefforming process. The frequency of biotic interactions seems to reach a climax as well, in accordance with the magnificent scale of the Givetian reefs.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Givetian Reefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Jiwozhai patch reef: A palaeobiodiversity hotspot in middle Givetian (Devonian) of South China

Huang

Liang

Wang

et al. 2020

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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This study is a detailed palaeontological and palaeoecological analysis of a middle Givetian (Middle Devonian) high-diversity patch reef located in a platform interior setting in South China. The location is Jiwozhai, Guizhou Province, in the Dushan Formation. A total of 83 species (including 23 undetermined species) belonging to 44 genera of reef organisms were identified, based on a detailed statistical analysis from 28 quadrats on the vertical section of the patch reef. The main reef builders are laminar and encrusting-behaviour stromatoporoids, laminar tabulate corals, and laminar or<

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Paleoecology of Upper Eifelian and Lower Givetian coral limestones in the northwestern Sauerland (Devonian; Rhenish Massif)

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

The initial phase of the Hönne Valley Reef at Binolen (northern Rhenish Massif, Middle Devonian)

The initial phase of the Hönne Valley Reef at Binolen (northern Rhenish Massif, Middle Devonian)

Drowning, extinction, and subsequent facies development of the Devonian Hönne Valley Reef (northern Rhenish Massif, Germany)

The Jiwozhai patch reef: A palaeobiodiversity hotspot in middle Givetian (Devonian) of South China

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