Paleolimnology of McNearney lake: an acidic lake in northern Michigan

Cook, R.B.; Kreis, Russell G.; Kingston, John C.; Camburn, Keith E.; Norton, Stephen A.; Mitchell, Myron J.; Fry, Brian; Shane, Linda C. K.

doi:10.1007/bf00209297

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…When compared with values from Lake Superior locations, the estimates argue that mining inputs to nearshore sediments and basins greatly exceeded atmospheric inputs (Table 2). For example, the results of Cook et al (1990) from McNeamey Lake, a kettle-hole seepage lake 5.4 km south of Whitefish Bay, can be transformed into flux estimates and compared with approximate calculations from site 6, Ile Parisienne Basin, Whitefish Bay (Fig. 16) Premining background fluxes for Cu (2 hg cm-2 yr-l) arc high in Whitefish Bay and are comparable to values from Portage Lake, probably for the same reason.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Paleolimnological study of copper mining around Lake Superior: Artificial varves from Portage Lake provide a high resolution record

1994

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On the Keweenaw Peninsula region of Lake Superior, -0.5 Gt of copper mine tailings were dumped along rivers, lakes, and connecting waterways between 1850 and 1968 -an era of active copper and silver mining. In the low-energy environment of Portage Lake, a part of the Keweenaw Waterway, clay particles from stamp sand discharges created artificially varved lake sediments that preserved a remarkably detailed record. Measurements of these varves, in conjunction with radiodating techniques, allow precise detcrminations of deposition rates, sediment, and Cu fluxes.Concentration and flux profiles produce fundamentally different patterns. Copper concentrations have remained high in sediments despite complete cessation of active tailings discharge. However, densitometer scans of X-rayed cores and flux calculations at sites closest to sluicing locations reveal a good correspondence with the historic record of stamp sand production. Sedimentation rates and Cu fluxes have declined steadily since cessation of native copper mining, although elevated Cu levels continue to circulate in the ecosystem. Comparisons of Cu profiles from sediment cores across eastern Lake Superior suggest widespread signatures of mining and major contribution to sediments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Paleolimnological study of copper mining around Lake Superior: Artificial varves from Portage Lake provide a high resolution record

1994

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“…Such reconstructions have been made for acidified and metal-polluted lakes near Sudbury, Ontario (Dixit et al, 1991;Dixit et al, 1992a;Dixit et al, 1992b), in Adirondack Park, NY Kingston et al, 1992), northern Michigan (Cook et al, 1990), and other regions of North America covered by the Paleolimnological Investigation of Recent Lake Acidification (PIRLA) investigations (Kingston and Birks, 1990). Similar techniques have also been used to correlate diatom-inferred pH in Wildsee, Germany, with Al extracted from core sediments (Steinberg and Tayarani-Dastmalian, 1993).…”

Section: Benthic Algae and Paleolimnological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Gensemer

Playle

1999

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

642

444

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ABSTRACT:In this article we review the biological effects of Al, primarily with respect to the chemical factors controlling Al bioavailability and toxicity, and how its biological effects are best predicted. Our intent is not to duplicate recent reviews on Al chemistry or toxicity, but rather to update the literature since these reviews were published, and to focus on Al speciation and other external chemical influences on Al bioavailability to freshwater biota. Briefly, we first review Al chemistry, with a specific focus on understanding, as well as measuring, Al chemical species of importance to aquatic biota. Next we more comprehensively review Al toxicity and bioavailability to freshwater algae, with a thorough analysis of the relationships between speciation and toxicity, the role of important chemical complexing agents such as P, Si, and organic carbon, as well as the potential for Al to impact algal community structure. A third section reviews the more sparse literature on aquatic higher plants; the fourth section reviews a somewhat more abundant literature of Al toxicity to freshwater invertebrates. We close with an updated review of Al toxicity to fish, again with a focus on mechanisms of toxicity, and the role of Al speciation in controlling bioavailability.

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“…If concentrations of labile elements were decreasing up-core because of dilution by greater inputs of granitic detritus, elements such as Na, K, and Ti should commensurately increase. Long-term decreases of sedimentary Mn, AI, and Ca concentrations in oligotrophic lakes in eastern North America have previously been attributed to longterm acidification (e.g., Whitehead et al 1989, Cook et al 1990. Changes in sediment transport and focusing (e.g., M.B.…”

Section: Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Late Holocene Forest Disturbance and Vegetation Change on Acidic Mud Pond, Maine, USA

Rhodes

Davis

1995

Ecology

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The limnological effects of natural forest disturbance and succession were studied by analyzing the chemistry, charcoal, pollen, chrysophytes, and diatoms in sediments deposited from °3500 to °700 yr BP in Mud Pond, Maine, USA. Mud Pond was chosen for this study because its oligotrophy (mean chlorophyll a = 0.5 mg/L), large ratio of catchment area to lake area (°50:1), and steeply sloping catchment (°12%) are likely to make the lake unusually sensitive to the terrestrial environment. Fine—grained sediments rich in organic matter are interrupted every 100—500 yr (X = 280) by coarser and more minerogenic sediments, reflecting brief pulses of soil erosion. These disturbance horizons contain high concentrations of charcoal, indicating forest fires, low percentages of pollen of late—successional trees such as Tsuga, and high percentage of pollen and spores of early—successional plants such as shrubs and ferns. Within a few decades, pollen percentages of Alnus peak, followed by Betula. Tsuga pollen percentages increase for roughly 200—400 yr after disturbances, and generally stabilize or decrease several decades before the following disturbance horizon. Limnological responses to these terrestrial changes are indicated at disturbance horizons by high percentages of diatoms (e.g., Rhizosolenia sp., Fragilaria spp., and Synedra spp.) and chrysophytes (e.g., Synura spinosa and Mallomonas caudata) of waters of near neutral pH. Diatom—inferred pH typically increases abruptly from °5.0 to °6.1, and chrysophyte—inferred pH from °5.5 to °5.8 at disturbance horizons. These increases may be caused by increased inputs of wood ash and mineral soils rich in base cations after fires or other disturbances. This pulse is followed by a two—step recovery. First, within a few years or a few decades, the inferred pH decreases nearly to the predisturbance condition as PH—circumneutral diatoms are replaced by taxa of waters of pH <5.5 (e.g., Asterionella ralfsii var. americana, and Eunotia spp.) and pH—circumneutral chrysophytes are replaced by taxa of waters of pH <6.0 (largely Mallomonas allorgei and M. duerrschmidtiae). This response likely results from soil stabilization and uptake of base cations by successional vegetation. Second, a slower acidification of °0.1 pH unit per century occurs as early successional shrubs and hardwood forest are replaced by old—growth conifer forest. This process may involve further sequestration of base cations in vegetation, and greater availability of organic acids from the forest floor. Increasing percentages of pollen of Picea, Alnus, and Salix by 1350 yr BP, and decreasing percentages of hemlock and beech around 1350 yr BP imply cooler conditions. Large changes in diatom and chrysophyte assemblages in approximately this period may be related.

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Paleolimnology of McNearney lake: an acidic lake in northern Michigan

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

Paleolimnological study of copper mining around Lake Superior: Artificial varves from Portage Lake provide a high resolution record

Paleolimnological study of copper mining around Lake Superior: Artificial varves from Portage Lake provide a high resolution record

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Effects of Late Holocene Forest Disturbance and Vegetation Change on Acidic Mud Pond, Maine, USA

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