Paleoparasitological report on Ascaris aDNA from an ancient East Asian sample

Oh, Chang Seok; Seo, Min; Lim, Nam Jin; Lee, Sang Jun; Lee, Soong Deok; Shin, Dong Hoon

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000200020

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Sequencing a 120-bp band generated using Ascaris spp.– specific primer pair [20] (Table S5 and Table S6 in File S1) yielded 98% sequence identity with Ascaris sp. DHS-2010a cytochrome b gene sequence, similar to those previously reported in a human remain [21] (GenBank Accession No. GU339224.1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Polyphasic Analysis of a Middle Ages Coprolite Microbiota, Belgium

et al. 2014

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Paleomicrobiological investigations of a 14th-century coprolite found inside a barrel in Namur, Belgium were done using microscopy, a culture-dependent approach and metagenomics. Results were confirmed by ad hoc PCR – sequencing. Investigations yielded evidence for flora from ancient environment preserved inside the coprolite, indicated by microscopic observation of amoebal cysts, plant fibers, seeds, pollens and mold remains. Seventeen different bacterial species were cultured from the coprolite, mixing organisms known to originate from the environment and organisms known to be gut inhabitants. Metagenomic analyses yielded 107,470 reads, of which known sequences (31.9%) comprised 98.98% bacterial, 0.52% eukaryotic, 0.44% archaeal and 0.06% viral assigned reads. Most abundant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The 16 S rRNA gene dataset yielded 132,000 trimmed reads and 673 Operational Taxonomic Units. Most abundant bacterial phyla observed in the 16 S rRNA gene dataset belonged to Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Chlamydia. The Namur coprolite yielded typical gut microbiota inhabitants, intestinal parasites Trichuris and Ascaris and systemic pathogens Bartonella and Bordetella. This study adds knowledge to gut microbiota in medieval times.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Polyphasic Analysis of a Middle Ages Coprolite Microbiota, Belgium

et al. 2014

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“…[56-58]. However, to accumulate solid evidence more samples should be examined, as well as other molecular targets.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum a single species?

et al. 2012

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Since the original description and naming of Ascaris lumbricoides from humans by Linnaeus in 1758 and later of Ascaris suum from pigs by Goeze 1782, these species have been considered to be valid. Four hypotheses relative to the conspecificity or lack thereof (and thus origin of these species) are possible: 1) Ascaris lumbricoides (usually infecting humans) and Ascaris suum (recorded mostly from pigs) are both valid species, with the two species originating via a speciation event from a common ancestor sometime before the domestication of pigs by humans, or 2) Ascaris lumbricoides in humans is derived directly from the species A. suum found in pigs with A. suum then existing as a persistent ancestor after formation of A. lumbricoides, or 3) Ascaris suum is derived directly from A. lumbricoides with the persistent ancestor being A. lumbricoides and A. suum being the newly derived species, and finally, 4) Ascaris lumbricoides and A. suum are the same species, this hypothesis being supported by studies showing both low morphological and low genetic divergence at several genes. We present and discuss paleoparasitological and genetic evidence that complement new data to evaluate the origin and evolution of Ascaris spp. in humans and pigs, and the uniqueness of the species in both hosts. Finally, we conclude that Ascaris lumbricoides and A. suum are a single species and that the name A. lumbricoides Linnaeus 1758 has taxonomic priority; therefore A. suum Goeze 1782 should be considered a synonym of A. lumbricoides.

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“…In one of our other analyses, this one of ancient Ascaris eggs from another Joseon specimen, we were successful in extracting and sequencing Ascaris aDNA [23]. However, the Ascaris 18S rRNA gene sequence in our study was more similar to A. suum than to A. lumbricoides , though the samples were collected from Joseon human individual remains during anthropological investigations.…”

Section: Paleoparasitological Studies On Joseon Mummiesmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, the Ascaris 18S rRNA gene sequence in our study was more similar to A. suum than to A. lumbricoides , though the samples were collected from Joseon human individual remains during anthropological investigations. As in the previous relevant studies, we speculated, therefore, that aDNA analysis of Ascaris is inadequate for confirmation of A. lumbricoides [23,42,43,44]. In our PCR-based aDNA analysis of the T. trichiura SSU rRNA gene, we could obtain a sequence 100% homologous to that of T. trichiura , which is also distinct from that of T. suis (97%) and T. muris (91%) (Table 2) [24].…”

Section: Paleoparasitological Studies On Joseon Mummiesmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…DNA studies of ancient parasites including Trypanosoma cruzi , Plasmodium sp., Ascaris sp., T. trichiura , Enterobius vermicularis , and Clonorchis sinensis have been numerously and widely reported [13,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. Inspired by these successes, our research team has performed ancient DNA (aDNA) analyses on many of the parasite egg specimens we have obtained from Joseon mummies [23,24]. …”

Section: Brief History Of Paleoparasitology In Koreamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleoparasitological Studies on Mummies of the Joseon Dynasty, Korea

et al. 2014

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Paleoparasitology is the application of conventional or molecular investigative techniques to archeological samples in order to reveal parasitic infection patterns among past populations. Although pioneering studies already have reported key paleoparasitological findings around the world, the same sorts of studies had not, until very recently, been conducted in sufficient numbers in Korea. Mummified remains of individuals dating to the Korean Joseon Dynasty actually have proved very meaningful to concerned researchers, owing particularly to their superb preservation status, which makes them ideal subjects for paleoparasitological studies. Over the past several years, our study series on Korean mummies has yielded very pertinent data on parasitic infection patterns prevailing among certain Joseon Dynasty populations. In this short review, we summarized the findings and achievements of our recent paleoparasitological examinations of Joseon mummies and discussed about the prospects for future research in this vein.

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Paleoparasitological report on Ascaris aDNA from an ancient East Asian sample

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Polyphasic Analysis of a Middle Ages Coprolite Microbiota, Belgium

Polyphasic Analysis of a Middle Ages Coprolite Microbiota, Belgium

Are Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum a single species?

Paleoparasitological Studies on Mummies of the Joseon Dynasty, Korea

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