Paleopathological study of hallux valgus

Mays, Simon

doi:10.1002/ajpa.20114

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Hallux valgus (HV) often leads to pain and limited mobility in patients [1]. Many factors might contribute to the etiology of HV including a potential genetic predisposition, altered biomechanics of the first ray and shoes [2][3][4]. Patients with HV may experience complications such as metatarsalgia, plantar callosities, hammer toe deformities and impaired quality of life [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forefoot plantar shear stress distribution in hallux valgus patients

et al. 2009

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forefoot plantar shear stress distribution in hallux valgus patients

et al. 2009

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“…In addition, because the mediolaterally constricting shoes pinches the foot and keeps the longitudinal arch unnaturally high, we predicted that the lateral metatarsals would present greater torsion (Figure b). Rigid‐shoe wearers have anterior feet that are less spread out with the hallux that is in an orientation that is more parallel to the other toes than in unshod populations (Hoffmann, ; Mays, ). Although this reorientation of the hallux is mostly due to an adduction of the proximal phalanx, there is also evidence that the first metatarsal is pushed against the second metatarsal (Karasick & Wapner, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metatarsal torsion in humans and footwear type

Drapeau

Forgues‐Marceau

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Metatarsal torsion has been hypothesized to be a plastic trait that can be influenced by the type of shoes worn in human populations. Wearing stiff‐sole shoes tend to result in narrower feet and higher longitudinal arches. These modifications are expected to translate into less torsion of the hallucal metatarsal but greater torsion of the four lateral metatarsals. In addition, there is some evidence that women have higher arches than men, so women are expected to have greater torsion of the lateral four metatarsals. To test these hypotheses, this paper compares men and women from two archaeological populations, Amerinds and Eurocanadians, that are documented to have worn very different shoe types, soft moccasins for the former and hard‐sole leather shoes or wooden clogs for the latter. First, we test for sexual differences within both populations, and, second, we compare the two populations. Our results show no significant differences between men and women. The similarity in torsional values for males and females is explained by the very small arch height difference documented in modern populations, a difference that is likely too small to translate into significantly different torsional values. However, the two populations had significantly different torsional values in the direction expected from the effect of wearing stiff‐sole shoes for all metatarsals except the second. The lack of differences of the second metatarsal is explained by its “keystone” position in the transverse arch of the foot; the foot shape modification brought about by wearing stiff shoes does not alter the orientation of the second metatarsals base, only raising it higher. As a consequence, torsional values for that metatarsal do not differ despite arch height differences. This study shows that metatarsal torsion values, at the population level, can inform on the type of footwear worn by past populations.

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“…Eburnation of joint surfaces at the hip and elbow was also fairly rare in this group, being seen in three otherwise normal skeletons, but it is less unusual than gleno-humeral osteoarthritis, so whether it is secondary or primary in the current case is unclear. The alterations at the metatarsal heads, consisting of lateral deviation of the joint surfaces, lateral subluxation of the sesamoids, smoothing of the inter-sesamoid ridge, medial epicondylar exostoses and medial marginal erosions, are classic indications for hallux valgus, which is common in this population and probably relates to footwear (Mays, 2005). The osteoarthritic changes at the metatarsal heads are perhaps best considered as complications of hallux valgus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intervertebral chondrocalcinosis: an exercise in differential diagnosis in palaeopathology

Mays

Dungworth

2008

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Intervertebral chondrocalcinosis (calcification of intervertebral discs and associated structures) may arise from a variety of causes. This work presents a discussion of intervertebral chondrocalcinosis and the identification of its most probable cause in skeletal remains, using as a case study a skeleton of an elderly male from medieval Ipswich, UK. The skeleton is examined using gross observation and radiography, and the intervertebral calcifications are subject to chemical analysis. In addition to intervertebral chondrocalcinosis (which has resulted in ankylosis of lumbo-sacral segments), lesions identified include chondrocalcinosis at some synovial joints, various soft tissue calcified bodies, and severe osteoarthritis particularly at the gleno-humeral joints. Interpretation of the results of the chemical analysis of the calcified deposits is complicated by diagenesis, but they are most consistent with apatite and/ or whitlockite. Arriving at a most probable cause of the lesions in this case is difficult, but it is tentatively suggested that ochronosis may be the best diagnostic option.

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Paleopathological study of hallux valgus

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Forefoot plantar shear stress distribution in hallux valgus patients

Forefoot plantar shear stress distribution in hallux valgus patients

Metatarsal torsion in humans and footwear type

Intervertebral chondrocalcinosis: an exercise in differential diagnosis in palaeopathology

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