Paleopedology and magnetic properties of Sari loess-paleosol sequence in Caspian lowland, northern Iran

Najafi, Hamed; Karimi, Alireza; Haghnia, G H; Khormali, Farhad; Ayoubi, Shamsollah; Tazikeh, Hossein

doi:10.1007/s11629-019-5446-3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Generally, there is a relationship between Fe d and clay content in soils developed on homogenous parent materials (Najafi et al, 2019). The soils in the area developed on three different parent materials of alluvial (pedon 1), loess (pedons 2-4), and a mixture of alluvial and loess (pedon 5).…”

Section: Free Iron Oxides In the Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil evolution along an alluvial-loess transect in the Herat Plain, western Afghanistan

2022

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Afghanistan is located in the Eurasian loess belt, however, there is little information on the soils in the area. Loess has covered the Herat Plain in western Herat City, Afghanistan. Despite the diversity of landform and parent material, there is no information on the soil and landform evolution in this area. The objectives of this study were to identify the soils along a transect of different landforms in the Herat Plain and determine the role of geomorphic processes on the soil and landform evolution. Five pedons from an alluvial fan, the depression between alluvial fan and piedmont plain, saline and non-saline piedmont plains, and the flood plain of the Hariroud River, were sampled. Then, the physical-chemical properties, mineralogy, and micromorphology of the samples were determined. Results showed that the soil parent material in the piedmont plain is loess, whereas, in the flood plain it is a combination of loess and river alluvial sediments. Calcification, lessivage, salinization, and gleization are the most important pedogenic processes. The calcification and lessivage appear to be the result of a wetter climate during the late Quaternary, whereas the present topography causes the gleization and salinization. Clay coatings on carbonate nodules and iron nodules are abundant pedofeatures in the Btk (argillic-calcic) horizon. Iron oxides nodules are common in the soils of the flood plain. The formation of palygorskite in both alluvialand loess-derived soils implies the onset of aridity and the trend of increase in environmental aridity in the region. It seems that after the formation of a well developed paleosol on the alluvial fan in a more humid climate in the past, the piedmont plain has been covered by loess deposits, and the calcification, gleization, and salinization cause the formation of weakly developed surficial soils. This study highlights the role of the late Quaternary climatic changes on the evolution of landforms and soils in western Afghanistan.

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Section: Free Iron Oxides In the Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil evolution along an alluvial-loess transect in the Herat Plain, western Afghanistan

2022

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“…Magnetic properties have also been widely used to reconstruct paleoclimate changes in loess-paleosol sequences (e.g., Hu et al, 2015;Zeeden et al, 2018;Stevens et al, 2020;Bradák et al, 2021;Wacha et al, 2021). Previous studies of loess-paleosol sequences in northern and northeastern Iran have shown that modern soils and paleosols are generally magnetically enhanced, and suggest a relationship between increased fine-grained ferrimagnetic mineral content of surface soils with higher rainfall (e.g., Karimi et al, 2013;Ghafarpour et al, 2016;Najafi et al, 2019;Sharifigarmdareh et al, 2020;Kehl et al, 2021). These studies mainly focused on the alternating magnetic properties between loess and paleosols with little emphasis on the magnetic enhancement/dissolution mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical sediment properties of a late Pleistocene loess–paleosol sequence, Chenarli, northeastern Iran

et al. 2023

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We present stratigraphic, magnetic, diffuse reflectance spectrophotometric analyses, and chronologic data for the Chenarli loess–paleosol sequence in northeastern Iran. Eight loess units (LU) are identified, described, and constrained in time based on relative stratigraphy and luminescence dating from >130 ± 9.1 ka to ~9.8 ± 0.7 ka. Our data indicate that pedogenic magnetite/maghemite formation gives rise to magnetic enhancement in modern soil and paleosols. The top of LU 7 is demarcated by the well-developed last interglacial soil in which magnetic depletion occurred. We infer that magnetic depletion in this paleosol was produced by reducing conditions in a seasonally waterlogged soil during a warm and wet phase within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e. Units LU 6 to 1 record several episodes of dust accumulation and soil formation during the last glacial and Holocene. Increased dust accumulation rates occurred during middle-late MIS 3 and lasted into the late MIS 2, with a peak during the last glacial maximum (LU 2). These findings could be applicable to understanding magnetic enhancement/dissolution mechanism in the loess–paleosol sequences in study area. We infer paleoenvironmental changes in northeastern Iran relative to northern Iran, Eurasia, and China.

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Effect of high temperatures on the magnetic susceptibility of loess

Zhao

Sun

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Paleopedology and magnetic properties of Sari loess-paleosol sequence in Caspian lowland, northern Iran

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Soil evolution along an alluvial-loess transect in the Herat Plain, western Afghanistan

Soil evolution along an alluvial-loess transect in the Herat Plain, western Afghanistan

Geophysical sediment properties of a late Pleistocene loess–paleosol sequence, Chenarli, northeastern Iran

Effect of high temperatures on the magnetic susceptibility of loess

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