Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping region, North China Craton

Archean-Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the Ordos Block in the North China Craton: Constraints from zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopes for gneissic granitoids of the basement

“…Of which the 1.95 Ga metamorphic age was widely recorded in zircons from granitoids and sedimentary rocks in both TNCO and KB, and interpreted as the timing of amalgamation between the Yinshan and Ordos Bocks (Zhao Data sources as in Fig. 7. et al, 2005;Zhao and Zhai, 2013) and initial crustal thickening in the TNCO (Wei et al, 2014). In contrast to metamorphic event at 1.95 Ga, the 1.85 Ga metamorphic event was much stronger and widespread throughout the TNCO, being regarded as the result from the continent-continent collision between the EB and WB, and consequently leading to formation of a coherent basement in the NCC at the end of Paleoproterozoic (Zhao et al, 2002(Zhao et al, , 2005(Zhao et al, , 2012Zhao and Zhai, 2013).…”

“…Numerous Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic TTG gneisses, metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks and minor high-pressure granulites as well as multi-periods of granitoids are well outcropped in the TNCO (Fig. 1), and almost everywhere experienced a multi-stage deformation and metamorphism with a clockwise P-T path and peak metamorphic ages at 1.95-1.85 Ga (Zhao et al, 2012;Wei et al, 2014 and references cited therein).…”

“…Such as granitoids are also widely recognized in the Wutai-Lüliang areas of the middle TNCO (Zhao et al, 2002(Zhao et al, , 2007(Zhao et al, , 2008bWilde et al, 2005;Trap et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2009cGeng et al, 2006b). Their geochemical studies revealed that these granitoids formed in a tectonic setting related to a continental margin/island arc (Liu et al, 2002Zhao and Zhai, 2013 and references cited therein) or in an extensional setting related to back-arc basin rifting (Du et al, , 2013, and then subjected two metamorphic events at ∼1.95 Ga and ∼1.85 Ga, respectively (Zhao and Zhai, 2013;Wei et al, 2014 and references cited therein). These two metamorphic events were also recorded in the 2.2-2.0 Ga granitoids from the OB basement, indicating that the OB likely experienced a tectonic evolutionary process similar to that occurred in the TNCO during late Palaeoproterozoic.…”

Phanerozoic orogeny triggers reactivation and exhumation in the northern part of the Archean–Paleoproterozoic North China Craton

“…1.85 Ga through the assembly of the Western Block and the Eastern Block of the NCC (Zhao et al, 1999(Zhao et al, , 2000(Zhao et al, , 2001(Zhao et al, , 2002(Zhao et al, , 2004(Zhao et al, , 2005(Zhao et al, , 2008Kröner et al, 2005Kröner et al, , 2006 (Qian et al, 2013Wei et al, 2014).…”

Lithological units at the boundary zone between the Jining and Huai'an Complexes (central-northern margin of the North China Craton): A Paleoproterozoic tectonic mélange?

“…15): 1) an ocean basin existed between the Yinshan and Huai'an continents of 2.5 Ga at least since~2.2 Ga; 2) at 2.2-2.0 Ga, the subduction of oceanic crust gave rise to continental arc magmatism, and oceanic sediments and fragments of oceanic crust were scraped off and accreted to the accretionary prism; 3) at 2.0-1.95 Ga, the protoliths of the khondalite series (metasedimentary rocks) were deposited in the fore-arc basin overlying the accretionary prism; 4) at 1.95-1.80 Ga, the continuous accretion led to granulite faices metamorphism, and the subsequent oceanic ridge subduction resulted in arc magmatism (gabbronorites and S-type granites) and ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism, then ocean closed and the continents collided, finally the collisional belt was uplifted. The evolution of this period has been much disputed (Faure et al, 2007;Kusky et al, 2007;Peng et al, 2014;Wei et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2005;). Further evaluation of these models is beyond the scope of this study.…”