Palladios Lehrgebaude

Biermann, Hartmut; Forssman, Erik

doi:10.2307/1481577

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…After having reported the problem to the Space Science Board, Rossi felt thus motivated to initiate a study of interplanetary plasma with his own group at MIT Estimates of the bulk velocity varied from zero (stationary plasma) to about 1000 km/s (solar wind). However, in case of a stationary plasma, protons would move at random, with expected kinetic energies of about 80 keV (in agreement with the temperature of 10 6 K, as observed in the 39 In 1951 Ludwig Biermann interpreted deflection of cometary gas tails in terms of the interaction between the cometary ions in the tail and a stream of particles with densities for the quiescent Sun of the order of some hundreds particles per cm 3 continuously traveling away from the Sun at speeds of the order of 500-1000 km/s [111] [112]. The suggested density was more or less consistent with the electron density inferred from the prevailing belief about the polarization of the diffuse zodiacal glow.…”

Section: Physics In Spacesupporting

confidence: 61%

From cosmic ray physics to cosmic ray astronomy: Bruno Rossi and the opening of new windows on the universe

Bonolis

2014

Astroparticle Physics

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Bruno Rossi is considered one of the fathers of modern physics, being also a pioneer in virtually every aspect of what is today called high-energy astrophysics. At the beginning of 1930s he was the pioneer of cosmic ray research in Italy, and, as one of the leading actors in the study of the nature and behavior of the cosmic radiation, he witnessed the birth of particle physics and was one of the main investigators in this fields for many years. While cosmic ray physics moved more and more towards astrophysics, Rossi continued to be one of the inspirers of this line of research. When outer space became a reality, he did not hesitate to leap into this new scientific dimension. Rossi's intuition on the importance of exploiting new technological windows to look at the universe with new eyes, is a fundamental key to understand the profound unity which guided his scientific research path up to its culminating moments at the beginning of 1960s, when his group at MIT performed the first in situ measurements of the density, speed and direction of the solar wind at the boundary of Earth's magnetosphere, and when he promoted the search for extra-solar sources of X rays. A visionary idea which eventually led to the breakthrough experiment which discovered Scorpius X-1 in 1962, and inaugurated X-ray astronomy.

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Section: Physics In Spacesupporting

confidence: 61%

From cosmic ray physics to cosmic ray astronomy: Bruno Rossi and the opening of new windows on the universe

Bonolis

2014

Astroparticle Physics

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“…It consists mostly of electrons, protons and helium nuclei (alpha particles). Its existence was first suggested by Arthur Eddington (2006) and Biermann (1951) suggested it to be reason for a comet's tail pointing always away from the Sun independent from its heading. In 1959 solar wind was measured directly for the first time by the Soviet satellite Luna 1 (2007).…”

Section: Solar Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Eclipses and the Surface Properties of Water

Fuchs¹,

Oudakker²,

Justinek³

et al. 2019

Earth Moon Planets

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During four solar eclipse events (two annular, one total and one partial) a correlation was observed between a change in water surface tension and the magnitude of the optical coverage. During one eclipse, evaporation experiments were carried out which showed a reduction in water evaporation at the same time as a rise in the surface tension. The changes did not occur on a day without a solar eclipse and are not correlated to changes in temperature, pressure, humidity of the environment. The effects are delayed by 20, 85, 30 and 37 min, respectively, compared to the maximum eclipse. Possible mechanisms responsible for this effect are presented, the most likely hypothesis being reduced water/muon interaction due to solar wind and cosmic radiation blocking during an eclipse. As an alternative hypotheses, we propose a novel neutrino/water interaction and overview of other, less likely mechanisms.

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“…Parker's theory was in response, in part, to difficulties in explaining the existence of the very hot solar corona and its outer boundary conditions. In part, Parker's theory also addressed the observations of cometary tails by Biermann (1951) that showed what appeared to be a continuous outflow of plasma from the Sun in all directions. Parker's theory was controversial, but only for a short interval, as the first interplanetary spacecraft quickly proved the general correctness of Parker's theory.…”

Section: Toward Today's Research In Solar Magnetism: Eugene Parkermentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Solar Magnetism: The Early Years

Balogh

Thompson

2009

Space Sci Rev

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The year 2008 marked the one hundredth anniversary of the observational discovery by George Ellery Hale of magnetic field in sunspots (Hale in Astrophys. J. 28:315-343, 1908). This observation, the first to suggest a direct link between the best-known variable features on the Sun and magnetism, started a line of research that has widened considerably over the last 100 years and is continuing today. Knowledge about all aspects of the Sun has increased in a remarkable way over the past few decades. Variations in the appearance of the Sun and its corona, as well as deeper sources of quasi-regular and chaotic changes that make up solar variability have been extensively documented by both ground-based and space-based solar observatories. It has been recognized that solar magnetism is the key phenomenon that drives solar variability. The workshop devoted to the origin and dynamics of solar magnetism held in the International Space Science Institute in Bern, Switzerland, from 21 to 25 January 2008 reviewed the status of the field and has led to this volume that brings together the best available knowledge and understanding of solar magnetism 100 years after Hale's pioneering paper. This introductory paper gives an outline of the history of research into solar variability up to the work of Hale and his colleagues. The achievements of the past decades are discussed extensively in the other contributions to this volume.

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Palladios Lehrgebaude

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

From cosmic ray physics to cosmic ray astronomy: Bruno Rossi and the opening of new windows on the universe

From cosmic ray physics to cosmic ray astronomy: Bruno Rossi and the opening of new windows on the universe

Solar Eclipses and the Surface Properties of Water

Introduction to Solar Magnetism: The Early Years

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