Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Impacts on Yield, Harvesting, and Ginning in Dryland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)1

Smith, D. T.; Baker, R. V.; Steele, Gregory L.

doi:10.1614/0890-037x(2000)014[0122:paapio]2.0.co;2

Cited by 94 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In spite of the effect of Palmer amaranth on lint quantity, cotton fiber qualities (i.e. micronaire, length, strength, and color) were not affected by Palmer amaranth weed density (Morgan et al 2001;Rowland et al 1999;Smith et al 2000).…”

Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morgan et al (2001) concluded that mechanical harvest was impractical because of potential equipment damage once Palmer amaranth densities were in excess of 0.65 plants m À2 (six plants 9.1 m À1 row). Fields infested with Palmer amaranth resulted in cotton lint that contained up to 15% trash, but the residual weed matter was successfully removed using a lint cleaner, though there is an additional cost associated with this practice (Smith et al 2000). In spite of the effect of Palmer amaranth on lint quantity, cotton fiber qualities (i.e.…”

Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Trucco¹,

Zheng

Woodyard

et al. 2007

Weed sci.

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Large proportions of nonhybrid progeny result from controlled crosses between Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp, both dioecious weeds. Agamospermy was proposed as an explanation for this phenomenon, and here we provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. We evaluated 60 nonhybrid offspring from two interspecific crosses, and all plants were females and had DNA content values similar to the female (Palmer amaranth) parent. Among nine hybrids resulting from these crosses, eight were nonviable (lethal or neuter), and only one hybrid allowed for continued gene movement. Cytogenetic evaluation of this hybrid revealed triploidy, further supporting the occurrence of unreduced gametes in these species. In light of this new evidence, we examine earlier data regarding Palmer amaranth by common waterhemp hybridization and suggest some prior conclusions may be premature.

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Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Trucco¹,

Zheng

Woodyard

et al. 2007

Weed sci.

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show abstract

“…In addition to reducing yields, the large amounts of biomass produced by mature Palmer amaranth plants interfere with cotton harvest, compromising harvest efficiency by the frequency of work stoppages needed to dislodge thick Palmer amaranth plant stems from harvest equipment (Smith et al 2000). The presence of Palmer amaranth increased harvest time between two-to four-fold, relative to the weedfree control (Smith et al 2000).…”

Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of Palmer amaranth increased harvest time between two-to four-fold, relative to the weedfree control (Smith et al 2000). Morgan et al (2001) concluded that mechanical harvest was impractical because of potential equipment damage once Palmer amaranth densities were in excess of 0.65 plants m À2 (six plants 9.1 m À1 row).…”

Section: Agricultural Impacts Of Palmer Amaranthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of extreme genetic recombination in weedy Amaranthus hybrids

Steinau

Skinner²,

Steinau

2003

Weed Science

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Interspecific hybridization of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp produce hybrids with unique DNA fragments not found in either parent. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the formation of the polymorphic fragments. Six novel fragments were cloned and sequenced. Five of the six were significantly similar to plant transposons, the sixth was similar to squamosa promoter–binding proteins from other plant species. Southern blot analysis using one of the novel fragments as probe revealed a consistent pattern of repetitive DNA that was species and biotype specific. These results indicate that transposon-like elements may play an important role in the formation of new fragments in Amaranthus hybrids derived from interspecific hybridization, suggesting that considerable instability of the hybrid genome may occur.

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“…It can emerge beneath sparse crop canopies (Jha et al 2006), characteristic of crops grown in wide rows. Because Palmer amaranth can grow at rates exceeding 3.5 cm per day and reach heights in excess of 2 m (Garvey 1999;Norsworthy et al 2008b), it quickly overtops slower-growing crops such as cotton, reducing lint yield up to 92% (Rowland et al 1999) and lowering harvest efficiency (Smith et al 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Contemporary and Historical Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Accessions to Glyphosate

et al. 2007

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Anecdotal reports suggest waterhemp is becoming more difficult to control with glyphosate. Waterhemp accessions collected primarily in Illinois before 1996, in 1998 to 1999, and in 2003, were evaluated for differential responses to glyphosate treatment. The pre-1996 group consisted of 10 accessions, whereas the 1998 to 1999 and 2003 groups consisted of 45 accessions each. Plants 10 to 12 cm in height from each waterhemp accession were treated with 0 or 220 g ae ha−1glyphosate. Although shoot dry biomass 14 d after treatment, expressed as a percentage of the untreated, varied within and among accessions, the mean responses of the three groups were similar. However, when glyphosate responses were divided into 10 arbitrary classes (0 to 10, 11 to 20, …, and 81 to 90; > 91% of untreated), the number of plants within each class differed among groups. Most notably, the proportion of plants in the range of 0 to 30% of the untreated control decreased with time when progressing from the pre-1996 to the 2003 accessions. The relative frequency of waterhemp plants that were ≥ 100% of the untreated plants (i.e., uninjured by glyphosate) in the pre-1996, 1998 to 1999, and 2003 groups were 5, 6, and 5%, respectively. In a separate trial, waterhemp populations that exhibited the least sensitivity to glyphosate at 220 g ha−1were controlled by 870 g ha−1glyphosate. These results suggest that waterhemp, as a whole, within Illinois has not become less sensitive to glyphosate over the past few years. However, the proportion of plants that are most sensitive to glyphosate may be decreasing within populations.

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Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Impacts on Yield, Harvesting, and Ginning in Dryland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)¹

Cited by 94 publications

References 7 publications

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Mechanism of extreme genetic recombination in weedy Amaranthus hybrids

Responses of Contemporary and Historical Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Accessions to Glyphosate

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