Palms - emblems of tropical forests

Balslev, Henrik; Bernal, Rodrigo; Fay, Michael F.

doi:10.1111/boj.12465

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…2016). Palms are of immense economic importance as ornamentals, in oil production, and in many tropical areas such as Amazonia they are nearly as important as members of the grass family for human nutrition and shelter (Cámara-Leret 2014; Baker and Dransfield 2016; Balslev et al. 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Polyploidy and Genome Evolution in Palms

Barrett

McKain

Sinn

et al. 2019

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Mechanisms of genome evolution are fundamental to our understanding of adaptation and the generation and maintenance of biodiversity, yet genome dynamics are still poorly characterized in many clades. Strong correlations between variation in genomic attributes and species diversity across the plant tree of life suggest that polyploidy or other mechanisms of genome size change confer selective advantages due to the introduction of genomic novelty. Palms (order Arecales, family Arecaceae) are diverse, widespread, and dominant in tropical ecosystems, yet little is known about genome evolution in this ecologically and economically important clade. Here, we take a phylogenetic comparative approach to investigate palm genome dynamics using genomic and transcriptomic data in combination with a recent, densely sampled, phylogenetic tree. We find conclusive evidence of a paleopolyploid event shared by the ancestor of palms but not with the sister clade, Dasypogonales. We find evidence of incremental chromosome number change in the palms as opposed to one of recurrent polyploidy. We find strong phylogenetic signal in chromosome number, but no signal in genome size, and further no correlation between the two when correcting for phylogenetic relationships. Palms thus add to a growing number of diverse, ecologically successful clades with evidence of whole-genome duplication, sister to a species-poor clade with no evidence of such an event. Disentangling the causes of genome size variation in palms moves us closer to understanding the genomic conditions facilitating adaptive radiation and ecological dominance in an evolutionarily successful, emblematic tropical clade.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Polyploidy and Genome Evolution in Palms

Barrett

McKain

Sinn

et al. 2019

Genome Biology and Evolution

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“…However, achieving it is far from trivial in any organismal group (Rolland, Silvestro, Litsios, Faye, & Salamin, ) and developing molecular genetic toolkits able to span both micro‐ and macro‐evolutionary time scales would thus be particularly helpful for studies of evolutionary radiation. We focus here on palms (Arecaceae), a highly diverse (>2,600 species) plant family including (a) several rapid radiations in the Neo‐ and Paleotropics (Couvreur & Baker, ), (b) many species filling important ecological niches in tropical rain forests at low to intermediate altitudes (Balslev et al, ; Balslev, Bernal, & Fay, ) and (c) several economically important taxa, such as the African and American oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis and Elaeis oleifera ) and the date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dedicated target capture approach reveals variable genetic markers across micro‐ and macro‐evolutionary time scales in palms

Harpe

Hess

Loiseau

et al. 2018

Molecular Ecology Resources

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Understanding the genetics of biological diversification across micro-and macroevolutionary time scales is a vibrant field of research for molecular ecologists as rapid advances in sequencing technologies promise to overcome former limitations.In palms, an emblematic, economically and ecologically important plant family with high diversity in the tropics, studies of diversification at the population and species levels are still hampered by a lack of genomic markers suitable for the genotyping of large numbers of recently diverged taxa. To fill this gap, we used a whole genome sequencing approach to develop target sequencing for molecular markers in 4,184 genome regions, including 4,051 genes and 133 non-genic putatively neutral regions. These markers were chosen to cover a wide range of evolutionary rates allowing future studies at the family, genus, species and population levels. Special emphasis was given to the avoidance of copy number variation during marker selection. In addition, a set of 149 well-known sequence regions previously used as phylogenetic markers by the palm biological research community were included in the target regions, to open the possibility to combine and jointly analyse already available data sets with genomic data to be produced with this new toolkit. The bait set was effective for species belonging to all three palm subfamilies tested (Arecoideae, Ceroxyloideae and Coryphoideae), with high mapping rates, specificity and efficiency. The number of high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected at both the sub-family and population levels facilitates efficient analyses of genomic diversity across micro-and macro-evolutionary time scales.

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“…The palms (family Arecaceae) are globally emblematic components of tropical and subtropical ecosystems (Uhl and Drandfield, 1987; Dransfield, Uhl, et al , 2008; Asmussen et al , 2006; Baker et al , 2009; Baker and Dransfield, 2016; Balslev et al, 2016). Palms are notorious for having slow substitution rates among the monocot angiosperms, likely resulting from their large size and associated consequences for the inheritance of new mutations (Gaut et al , 1992; Lanfear et al , 2013; Barrett et al , 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics, biogeography, and evolution in the American palm genusBrahea

Barrett

Sinn

King

et al. 2018

Preprint

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0• Background and Aims: Slow rates of molecular evolution at low taxonomic levels 2 1 hamper studies of relationships among species, and subsequent biogeographic and 2 2 evolutionary analyses. An example is the genus Brahea, which is among the most poorly 2 3 understood lineages of American palms and is characterized by a wide variety of growth 2 4 forms and intermediate morphological features.2 5 • Methods: We generated approximately 400 kb of genome-scale data from all three 2 6 genomes for the 11 currently described species of Brahea to infer phylogenetic 2 7 relationships, reconstruct ancestral growth form, estimate ancestral geographic ranges, 2 8and test for niche equivalency among closely related species with geographic overlap. 2 9 • Key Results: Relationships receive strong support, and conform to previous subgeneric 3 0 assignments, except for placement of the dwarf species B. moorei within subgenus 3 1 Erythea. Our robust phylogenetic hypothesis reveals trends in growth form including an 3 2 overall increase in height in the B. armata clade, and independent evolution of dwarf 3 3 forms from taller ancestors in the B. pimo and B. dulcis clades. Ancestral range 3 4 estimation reveals roles of dispersal (e.g. B. edulis on Guadalupe Island) and sympatric 3 5 speciation in some cases (e.g. in the B. armata clade), but is equivocal in others (e.g. in 3 6 the B. pimo clade). We find evidence of niche non-equivalency among species within the 3 7 B. armata clade in northwestern Mexico, and some evidence of niche non-equivalency 3 8 between B. berlandieri and B. dulcis, the former of which is synonymized under B. 3 9 dulcis. 4 0 • Conclusions: Our findings have implications for the complex biogeographic history in 4 1 Central America and Mexico, suggesting that sympatric speciation and dispersal are the 4 2

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Palms - emblems of tropical forests

Cited by 25 publications

References 54 publications

Ancient Polyploidy and Genome Evolution in Palms

Ancient Polyploidy and Genome Evolution in Palms

A dedicated target capture approach reveals variable genetic markers across micro‐ and macro‐evolutionary time scales in palms

Phylogenomics, biogeography, and evolution in the American palm genusBrahea

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