Palynological constraints on the provenance and stratigraphic range of a Lopingian (Late Permian) inter-extinction floral lagerstätte from the Xuanwei Formation, Guizhou Province, China

Abstract

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Xuanweioxylon damogouense sp. nov., a gymnosperm stem from the Lopingian (late Permian) of southwestern China and its systematic and paleoecological implications

“…Through detailed comparisons, we assigned it into Xuanweioxylon (He et al, 2013) and establish the new species X. damogouense. The discovery of this new species not only complements the anatomical characteristics of Xuanweioxylon, but also provides information on the palaeoecology and diversity of conifers from the Xuanwei Formation in the run up to Permian/Triassic mass extinction (Neregato et al, 2016).…”

“…The structure of the false rings in X. damogouense were most likely caused by temporary drought during the growing period (Wan et al, 2017c). However, considering the abundance of volcanic ash horizons in the lower member of the Xuanwei Formation Neregato et al 2016)…”

“…Furthermore, taphonomic studies of the fossil plant-bearing tuffaceuous sediments from the Xuanwei Formation remain in their infancy (e.g. Neregato et al, 2016), also not offering additional evidence of whole-plant reconstructions (Bateman and Hilton, 2010). The available evidence from adpression/impression foliage species and permineralized wood species demonstrate that at least four species of conifer were present in the Xuanwei Formation.…”

The Anatomically Preserved Tripinnate Frond Rothwellopteris pecopteroides gen. et sp. nov. from the Latest Permian of South China: Timing the Stem to Crown Group Transition in Marattiales

“…1b); primary pinna rachis has a diameter of more than 1 cm, with both the main rachis and primary pinna rachis having many small vascular bundles; the ultimate pinna rachis has 4-5 vascular bundles and bears vegetative pinnules. The large size and attached nature of the different orders of branching in the fossil infers that it was not subjected to significant taphonomic transportation and fragmentation prior to its preservation as is typical of other permineralized fossil plant assemblages from tuffaceous sediments in the Xuanwei Formation (e.g., Hilton et al 2004;Neregato et al 2016;Wang et al 2017).…”

“…In the tuff the fossil is permineralized by calcium carbonate, with preservation occurring before significant decay occurred (Neregato et al 2016). The frond is large and consists of three orders of branches.…”