Palynological Evidence of Pliocene-Pleistocene Climatic Variations from the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria

Durugbo, Ernest Uzodimma; Ogundipe, O. T.; Ulu, O. K.

doi:10.3923/ijb.2010.351.370

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(Retistephanocolporites gracilis), (iii) recognition of top occurrences of aff. Cleistopholis patens (Gemmamonocolpites sp.1) and (iv) occurrence and base occurrences of Podocarpus milanjianus and Echitriletes pliocenicus, all typical of the age bracket in published Niger Delta palynostratigraphy (Germeraad et al 1968, Evamy et al 1978, Durugbo et al 2010, Adeonipekun et al 2015. Blow (1969) and Bolli and Saunders (1985) as well as other Niger Delta foraminiferal biostratigraphic schemes such as Adegoke et al (1976) and Ozumba (1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Rhizophora pollen (Zonocostites ramonae) has been used by several workers to infer palaeoclimate, to study sea level changes and to indicate proximity to the coast in West Africa (Sowunmi 1981a, b, Poumot 1989, Jahns et al 1998, Durugbo et al 2010. Abundant occurrence of this fossil pollen has been commonly recorded in wet palaeoclimatic phases, and low occurrence in dry palaeoclimatic phases.…”

Section: Significance Of Rhizophoramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Durugbo et al (2010) remains the only published work devoted to palaeoclimatic changes in the Niger Delta during the Pliocene-Pleistocene known to the authors, even though emphasis is laid more on stratigraphy. Durugbo et al (2010) recognized domination of dry conditions, with some short, less conspicuous wet intervals. These "wet" phases were not clearly demarcated in their data (Tabs 1, 2), hence the low emphasis placed on the "wet" phases in their publication.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Palaeoclimatology and biostratigraphic significance of late Neogene/Quaternary vegetational changes recorded in the offshore western Niger Delta

Adeonipekun

Sowunmi

2019

Acta Palaeobotanica

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Attempts at reconstructing palaeoclimatic changes over time using palynomorphs of three oil wells drilled in the shallow offshore Niger Delta led to cluster analysis-aided recognition of seven pollen zones. These pollen zones are equivalent to ten palaeoclimatic zones with alternating dry and wet conditions. The palynomorphs were classified into phytoecological groups and changes in their relative abundances were employed to interpret the palaeoclimatic conditions of their source areas. Contrasting fluctuations in the proportions of the Spore (Pteridophytes) phytoecological group and those of the Poaceae were the main basis for palaeoclimatic inferences. Trends of the occurrence of other phytoecological groups were used to substantiate our palaeoclimatic inferences. In the latest Miocene (5.8–5.5 Ma), climatic conditions were mainly wet until between 5.5 and 5.0 Ma, when extreme dry conditions prevailed. The early Pliocene part (5.0–>3.4 Ma) was generally wet, while the late Pliocene part (<3.0–2.7 Ma) was extremely dry, with wet conditions re-occurring at the latest Pliocene/earliest Pleistocene boundary at a lower magnitude than those of the early Pliocene. This is inferred from the bloom of open vegetation Acanthaceae undif., Polygala sp. and Asystacia gangetica, along with montane Podocarpus milanjianus from 2.4 Ma through 2.0 Ma and younger. The Acanthaceae bloom recorded the evolution of A. gangetica in the latest Pliocene/earliest Pleistocene at around 2.0 Ma in the Niger Delta. The upper Early Pliocene regional wet event is associated with distinct peaks of riverine forest, freshwater swamp and mangrove pollen. Our results further support earlier findings from other parts of West Africa with respect to palaeoclimatic changes in the late Neogene/earliest Quaternary. Equivalent qualitative palynostratigraphic events were recognized within the pollen zones which are useful for age determination, and the significance of biostratigraphic correlation of the zones is stressed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Significance Of Rhizophoramentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Palaeoclimatology and biostratigraphic significance of late Neogene/Quaternary vegetational changes recorded in the offshore western Niger Delta

Adeonipekun

Sowunmi

2019

Acta Palaeobotanica

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“…Although much palynological works have been carried out in the Niger Delta basin, there is little published information available due to confidentiality maintained by oil companies operating in Nigeria however, the palynology of the of the Tertiary Niger Delta has attracted the attention of several workers as: [1,2,3,4,5,6], among others. Evamy et al [3], erected the pollen zones of the Niger delta published in the Niger delta chronostratigraphic chart which has been used to correlate rocks from Niger delta and adjacent basins.…”

Section: Previous Palynological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is located at the southern margin of Nigeria between latitudes 03° and 06°N and longitudes 005°E and 008°E. The Niger Delta province is delineated by Benin and Calabar hinge lines at the northwestern and eastern boundaries of the delta respectively, while the Gulf of Guinea borders the Niger Delta basin in the south and the base of the Benue Trough, Anambra Basin and Abakaliki High mark the northern boundary [20].…”

Section: Basin Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Palynomorphs and Age Characterization of Rock Succession in Well X-1, OML 108, Offshore Niger Delta Nigeria

Asadu

Odumoso

2020

JGEESI

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Palynological studies in Nigeria are mainly confined to the Tertiary Niger Delta, where several studies have been carried out for the discovery of natural oil and gas in this particular basin during late 1950s. The accuracy and profitability of the exploration process can be enhanced by the micropaleontological monitoring through the palynological analysis of ditch cuttings for age determination. Fifty ditch cutting samples from intervals 8040 ft and 11010 ft of Well X-1, OML 108, Ukpokiti field, offshore Niger Delta Nigeria were analyzed for their palynofloral content, in a view to establish the biozonation framework for the purpose of age characterization of the rock succession. Palynological sample processing and analysis followed standard methods of treatments with different concentrations of Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid and organic acid for digestion of carbonates, removal of silicates and washing or centrifuging for concentration of the palynomorphs respectively in order to liberate the palynomorphs from the extraneous organic matter in the rock matrix. The palynofloral analysis yielded a total number of forty-three (43) pollen, seven (7) spores and one dinoflagellate cyst, from which four subzones based on palynofloral assemblage of marker species, their stratigraphic tops and base including their abundance and diversity were recognized. The zones are from youngest to oldest: Stereisporites sp, Racemonocolpiteshians, Verrutricolporitesrotundiporus and Retibrevitricolporitesobodoensis/protundens zones corresponding with pollen sub zones:P850-830, P820, P780 and P770respectively, indicatingLate Miocene to Middle Miocene age. In conclusion, the palyno – zones of this study compare well with the pollen zones of [3], therefore shows that the rock succession was deposited during the Middle to Late Miocene epoch.

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Following the Mangroves: diversification in the banded lampeye Aplocheilichthys spilauchen (Duméril, 1861) (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae) along the Atlantic coast of Africa

et al. 2021

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Available ecological information, an extensive distributional range, conflicting osteological data, and a proposed early Miocene origin provide the impetus for the present study which investigates genetic structuring, biogeographic, and phylogenetic relationships within the Aplocheilichthys spilauchen lineage. Through the analysis of the mitochondrial gene COI, species delimitation methods (ABGD, GB, GMYC, bPTP) were applied, recognizing 6-7 OTUs with absolute pairwise genetic distances ranging between 8 and 22%. The onset of diversification is estimated to be within the middle Miocene and both dispersal and vicariance-shaped A. spilauchen diversity and distribution, as suggested by time-calibrated and ancestral range reconstruction (S-DIVA) analyses. We report for the first time, a pattern of diversification within a lineage of brackish water fish that is concordant with the historical distribution of coastal mangroves forests, shaped by a series of historical events that likely affected forest cover since the middle Miocene (e.g. major climate shifts and sealevel fluctuations, onset of the modern Congo River outlet, increased volcanism in the Cameroon Volcanic Line).

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Palynological Evidence of Pliocene-Pleistocene Climatic Variations from the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Palaeoclimatology and biostratigraphic significance of late Neogene/Quaternary vegetational changes recorded in the offshore western Niger Delta

Palaeoclimatology and biostratigraphic significance of late Neogene/Quaternary vegetational changes recorded in the offshore western Niger Delta

Palynomorphs and Age Characterization of Rock Succession in Well X-1, OML 108, Offshore Niger Delta Nigeria

Following the Mangroves: diversification in the banded lampeye Aplocheilichthys spilauchen (Duméril, 1861) (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae) along the Atlantic coast of Africa

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