Palynology of a peat in Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

The purpose of this papar was to obtaln some data about paleoenvironments and paleoc1lmates of the last millenia In the region of Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Thls pari< is situated at a height of about 1,000 m, lat 29 ·15' -29· 25' S and long. 50· 00'-50· 15'W. Its vegetation today is subtropical, where fields predominate and on whieh, IIké a mosaic, grow Araucarla forests. Ar. the lower parts of the fields there are peats. The reglon conslsts of basaltlc rocks. MATERIAL ANO METHOOSThe profile of lhe sediments of a peat were coUected using a HUler sampler severa! times.This profUe consisted of 343 em of peat anel 126 cm of the gray clay layer directly uneler It.Thirty seven samples of 2 9 eaeh were taken trom this profiJe at regular Intervals. The chemical processing was accorcling to the tradltional melhod, after FAEGRI & IVERSEN (1975), anel slldes were made after SALGADO-LABOURIAU (1973).The quantitatlve poIlen analysis Is expressed In percentage (Flg. 1), anel In absolute values (Flg. 2), wlth lhe use of Lycopodium clavatum tablets, after STOCKMARR (1971). The countlng was of 500 gralns In eaeh sample, leavlng out ali typic poIlen matter of today's vegetatlon on thls peat and this was counted S6parately. Thus, the percentage of each one of the autochtonous elements were caleulated lUniversldade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91500 -Porto Alegre, Brazil.

New insights into vegetation, climate and fire history of southern Brazil revealed by a 40,000 year environmental record from the State Park Serra do Tabuleiro

“…The low representation of AP, together with the high quantity of grasses in the pollen record, indicates that cold and dry climatic conditions prevailed in this region during this period. Roth and Lorscheitter (1993) proposed drier conditions before the Holocene for the Aparados da Serra region in the southern Brazilian highlands based on a reduced forest cover and an expansion of grassland. Several authors agree that cold and dry climatic conditions prevailed in southern Brazil during the last glacial period (e.g.…”

“…For the southern Brazilian highlands, Campos seems to be the predominant vegetation type during glacial times when colder and drier climate conditions prevailed (Behling 1998(Behling , 2002Roth and Lorscheitter 1993;Ledru et al 1998;Serra dos Campos Gerais (Behling 1997) and after 2000 B.P. in Serra do Araçatuba (Behling 2007), both in Paraná state (Fig.…”

<BR>Fitofisionomia das formações campestres do Campo dos Padres, Santa Catarina, Brasil<p>Physiognomy of high-altitude grassland vegetation of Campo dos Padres, Santa Catarina, Brazil<p>doi: 10.5007/2178-4574.2009v38p42

“…De acordo com Lindman (1906) e Rambo (1953), os campos seriam mais antigos do que a mata com Araucaria angustifolia. Estudos palinológicos em turfeiras dos "Campos de Cima da Serra", no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Roth & Lorscheitter 1991), confirmam a opinião de Rambo (1953) mostrando que, na passagem do Pleistoceno para o Holoceno (cerca de 11.000 anos atrás) o campo dominava na região, com predomínio de Poaceae e poucas Asteraceae, havendo registro de pólen de poucas espécies florestais. Behling et al (2004) também analisaram esta questão, confirmando a antiguidade destes campos, predominantes na época em que um clima mais seco dominava a região.…”

Late Holocene Vegetation History and Early Evidence of Araucaria angustifolia in Caçapava do Sul in the Lowland Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil

“…Pollen analytical studies from the modern Araucaria forest and Campos regions of the southern Brazilian highlands provide insights on the vegetation history. Results from Paraná (Serra Campos Gerais: Behling 1997), Santa Catarina (Serra do Rio Rastro, Morro da Igreja, Serra da Boa Vista : Behling 1993;1995) and Rio Grande do Sul (Aparados da Serra: Roth and Lorscheitter 1993;São Francisco de Paula: Behling et al 2001;Cambará do Sul: Behling et al 2004;Leonhardt and Lorscheiter 2010;Jeschke et al 2012) showed that extensive areas of Campos vegetation existed on the highlands throughout the late-Glacial and early to mid-Holocene times. The dominance of Campos vegetation was attributed to drier climates, cold and dry during the late-Glacial, and warm and dry during the early Holocene (Behling 1997).…”