Palynostratigraphy and palynofacies of the Upper Triassic Streppenosa Formation (SE Sicily, Italy) and inference on the main controlling factors in the organic rich shale deposition

Cirilli, Simonetta; Buratti, Nicoletta; Gugliotti, Luigi; Frixa, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2014.10.009

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The Rhaetian intertidal facies are composed of stromatolitic laminites whereas the subtidal facies are composed of bioturbated limestones rich in large benthic foraminifera ( T. hantkeni ) and calcareous algae ( G. curvata ). The Triassic/Jurassic boundary is marked by a subaerial exposure surface associated with a sea‐level drop that can be traced across the entire Apennine Platform (Berra, 2012; Cirilli et al, 2015; Todaro et al, 2017). The limestone immediately above the exposure surface is oolitic grainstone containing very little skeletal material, indicating the demise of the biological carbonate factory and a shift to a non‐skeletal mode of carbonate precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Rhaetian intertidal facies are composed of stromatolitic laminites whereas the subtidal facies are composed of bioturbated limestones rich in large benthic foraminifera (T. hantkeni) and calcareous algae (G. curvata). The Triassic/ Jurassic boundary is marked by a subaerial exposure surface associated with a sea-level drop that can be traced across the entire Apennine Platform (Berra, 2012;Cirilli et al, 2015;Todaro et al, 2017). et al, 1997), the Transdanubian Range in Hungary (Pálfy et al, 2021), the central and northern Apennines of Italy (Barattolo & Romano, 2005;Brandano et al, 2016;Mancinelli et al, 2005), western Sicily (Todaro et al, 2017(Todaro et al, , 2018, Greece (Romano et al, 2008), and Turkey (Coskun Tunaboylu et al, 2014).…”

Section: I/ca Ratios Of Bulk Carbonate Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Singh

et al. 2022

Geobiology

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The end-Triassic biodiversity crisis was one of the most severe mass extinctions in the history of animal life. However, the extent to which the loss of taxonomic diversity was coupled with a reduction in organismal abundance remains to be quantified. Further, the temporal relationship between organismal abundance and local marine redox conditions is lacking in carbonate sections. To address these questions, we measured skeletal grain abundance in shallow-marine limestones by point counting 293 thin sections from four stratigraphic sections across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in the Lombardy Basin and Apennine Platform of western Tethys. Skeletal abundance decreased abruptly across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in all stratigraphic sections. The abundance of skeletal organisms remained low throughout the lower-middle Hettangian strata and began to rebound during the late Hettangian and early Sinemurian. A two-way ANOVA indicates that sample age (p < .01, η 2 = 0.30) explains more of the variation in skeletal abundance than the depositional environment or paleobathymetry (p < .01, η 2 = 0.15). Measured I/Ca ratios, a proxy for local shallow-marine redox conditions, show this same pattern with the lowest I/Ca ratios occurring in the early Hettangian. The close correspondence between oceanic water column oxygen levels and skeletal abundance indicates a connection between redox conditions and benthic organismal abundance across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary. These findings indicate that the end-Triassic mass extinction reduced not only the biodiversity but also the carrying capacity for skeletal organisms in early Hettangian ecosystems, adding to evidence that mass extinction of species generally leads to mass rarity among survivors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Rhaetian intertidal facies are composed of stromatolitic laminites whereas the subtidal facies are composed of bioturbated limestones rich in large benthic foraminifera (T. hantkeni) and calcareous algae (G. curvata). The Triassic/ Jurassic boundary is marked by a subaerial exposure surface associated with a sea-level drop that can be traced across the entire Apennine Platform (Berra, 2012;Cirilli et al, 2015;Todaro et al, 2017). et al, 1997), the Transdanubian Range in Hungary (Pálfy et al, 2021), the central and northern Apennines of Italy (Barattolo & Romano, 2005;Brandano et al, 2016;Mancinelli et al, 2005), western Sicily (Todaro et al, 2017(Todaro et al, , 2018, Greece (Romano et al, 2008), and Turkey (Coskun Tunaboylu et al, 2014).…”

Section: I/ca Ratios Of Bulk Carbonate Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Singh

et al. 2022

Geobiology

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“…Palynofacies analysis can be applied for a preliminary qualitative or semi-quantitative determination of hydrocarbon source rock potential, and qualification of bulk rock geochemical parameters [101,103]. The use of palynofacies, integrated with lithofacies, can highlight particular environmental conditions, for example, the onshore-offshore directions or paleoecological conditions including salinity, oxygen content, redox potential and productivity [61,[104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113]. In the present study, palynofacies analyses were also used for this purpose, although only a limited number of samples were collected using a strategy based on potential palynomorphs content.…”

Section: Palynofacies Analysis and Graphical Representationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Thermal Maturity through a Multi-Proxy Approach: A Case Study from the Permian Faraghan Formation (Zagros Basin, Southwest Iran)

et al. 2021

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This study focuses on the thermal maturity of Permian deposits from the Zagros Basin, Southwest Iran, employing both optical methods (Thermal Alteration Index, Palynomorph Darkness Index, Vitrinite Reflectance, UV Fluorescence) and geochemical analyses of organic matter (Rock Eval Pyrolysis and MicroRaman spectroscopy) applied to the Faraghan Formation along two investigated Darreh Yas and Kuh e Faraghan surface sections. Furthermore, an integrated palynofacies and lithofacies analysis was carried out in order to integrate the few studies on the depositional environment. The Faraghan Formation, which is widely distributed in the Zagros area, generally consists of shale intercalated with sandstones and pebble conglomerates in the lower part, followed by a succession of sandstone, siltstone and shaly intercalations and with carbonate levels at the top. The integrated palynofacies and lithofacies data confirm a coastal depositional setting evolving upwards to a shallow marine carbonate environment upwards. Rock Eval Pyrolysis and Vitrinite Reflectance analysis showed that the organic matter from samples of the Darreh Yas and Kuh e Faraghan sections fall in the mature to postmature range with respect to the oil to gas generation window, restricting the thermal maturity range proposed by previous authors. Similar results were obtained with MicroRaman spectroscopy and optical analysis such as Thermal Alteration Index and UV Fluorescence. Palynomorph Darkness Index values were compared with Rock Eval Pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance values and discussed for the first time in the late stage of oil generation.

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“…The Onslow microflora is recognized in Northwestern Australia, Timor, extending through the western Tethys coasts (e.g., present coordinates north and eastern Africa, Sicily, Tunisia, Libya, Israel, India and Madagascar) and Western Europe, representing a warm temperate climate that established along these continental margins (Foster et al, 1994;Dolby and Balme, 1976;Buratti and Cirilli, 2007;Cirilli, 2010;Colombi, 2013, 2016;Cirilli et al, 2015Cirilli et al, , 2018. This microflora is characterised by the presence of mixed taxa typical of Northern Europe and South Gondwana, comprising the following taxa: Aulisporites, Camerosporites, Enzonalasporites, Duplexisporites, Infernopollenites, Minutosaccus, Ovalipollis, Samaropollenites and Weylandites, species typical of warm temperate climates.…”

Section: The Upper Triassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of Permo-Triassic palynomorphs of the N’Condédzi sub-basin, Moatize-Minjova Coal Basin, Karoo Supergroup, Mozambique

Galasso

Pereira

Fernandes

et al. 2019

Revue de Micropaléontologie

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Permian-Triassic ages have been identified for the first time in the Karoo Supergroup of the N'Condédzi sub-basin, Moatize-Minjova Coal Basin, Mozambique. This transition was identified in a coal exploration borehole that penetrated the Matinde and Cádzi formations. The top of the Matinde Formation is dated latest Permian (Lopingian), and the Cádzi Formation is attributed to Triassic based on palynostratigraphy. The Lopingian age is established by the identification of three palyno-assemblages: Assemblage L1 based on the first occurrence (FO) of Guttulapollenites pollen, Assemblage L2 is marked by the FO of Thymospora pseudothiessenii, and Assemblage L3 is defined by the FO of Osmundacidites senectus. Triassic palynomorphs were identified for the first time in Mozambique (Karoo basins). The data allowed the identification of three assemblages: Assemblage T1 defined by the FO of Densoisporites nejburgii of Induan age, Assemblage T2 is marked by the FO of Platysaccus queenslandi and assigned to the Olenekian age, and Assemblage T3 is defined by the FO of Samaropollenites speciosus and Enzonalasporites vigens, indicating a Carnian age. No Middle Triassic rocks were identified, and the early Triassic sediments are overlain by sedimentary rocks of Carnian age, a hiatus that may correspond to an important tectonic event with uplift and erosion. This tectonic event is also suggested by the occurrence of common reworked Permian palynomorphs in the Carnian sedimentary rocks. These new data constrain the age of the Karoo Supergroup formations of Mozambique and contribute to improve the palaeoecological, palaeoclimatic evolution, and the palaeogeographic position of the Karoo Mozambique basins within the Gondwana supercontinent.

show abstract

Palynostratigraphy and palynofacies of the Upper Triassic Streppenosa Formation (SE Sicily, Italy) and inference on the main controlling factors in the organic rich shale deposition

Cited by 22 publications

References 71 publications

Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Assessing Thermal Maturity through a Multi-Proxy Approach: A Case Study from the Permian Faraghan Formation (Zagros Basin, Southwest Iran)

First record of Permo-Triassic palynomorphs of the N’Condédzi sub-basin, Moatize-Minjova Coal Basin, Karoo Supergroup, Mozambique

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