We have analysed the diversity of the late Paleozoic palynoflora of the Paraná (Brazil and Uruguay), Parnaíba and Amazon (Brazil) basins using already published data. In order to do this the total diversity and diversity with range-through approach curves were built up, as well as Foote's appearance and disappearance rates at the generic level. These parameters were also obtained separately for each group of sporomorphs. An important increase in diversity in the Asselian and Sakmarian and a posterior decrease until the Lopingian were observed. The values of the appearance rates were higher than those of disappearance and they peaked in the Asselian, while the highest disappearances took place in the Capitanian and, to a lesser extent, in the Sakmarian. On the other hand, spores and pollen grains show some differences in the general diversity trend. However, there are differences in the patterns of appearance and disappearance. Despite possible biases, mainly related to the collecting effort, the diversity curves and appearance and disappearance rates obtained are congruent with the climatic phases proposed for this region in these periods. The increase in the number of palynomorph genera is associated to the early Permian climatic amelioration whilst a decrease in diversity is related to the beginning of an arid phase.Keywords: Brazil, diversity, Paleozoic, Palynology, Uruguay. tado, resulta difícil asignar afinidades botánicas a muchos palinomorfos. Además, muchos morfotipos diferentes pueden ser producidos por la misma planta (Lindström et al., 1997). Sin embargo, se pueden observar patrones generales que se repiten en las diferentes cuencas ubicadas en diferentes zonas geográficas, que podrían relativizar los sesgos mencionados anteriormente. Por lo tanto, la presente contribución puede ser un aporte válido como una aproximación inicial a la temática de la diversidad en el Paleozoico superior.