Pan-European homogenization of daily multi-decadaltemperature series from station-based observations

Abstract

Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Homogenization of daily temperature series in the European Climate Assessment & Dataset 19 Chapter 3 Building long homogeneous temperature series across Europe: a new approach for the blending of neighboring series 51 Chapter 4 Comparison of homogenization methods for daily temperature series against an observation-based benchmark dataset 75 Chapter 5 Evaluation of trends in extreme temperatures simulated by HighResMIP models across Europe 103 Chapter 6 Synthesis 131 References 143 Acknowledgements 155 About the author 157 Graduate School Certificate 159 On a global level, it is observed the predominance of warming trends on all extreme temperature indices. Trends on the extremes of minimum temperatures present larger trends compared to those on maximum temperature, see table 1.1, while for both variables the trends on the warm extremes appear to be steeper (but still within each other's error range). This indicates that, while the rise of night temperatures is significantly larger than the daytime ones, both experience a increase in extremely warm events which is larger than 1.2.1 Data collection The in-situ recording of daily temperatures is a fundamental practice for the production of important data in climate analysis, indispensable for the assessment of magnitude and the speed of the changes in climate. Starting from the second half of 17 th century the collection of daily temperature values has slowly spread all over Europe. However only during the 20 th century the number of active stations has significantly increased, growing exponentially after World War Two.