PaNAC089 is a membrane-tethered transcription factor (MTTF) that modulates flowering, chlorophyll breakdown and trichome initiation

Abstract

Flowering and senescence are essential developmental stages of green plants, which are governed by complex molecular regulatory networks. However, the connection between flowering regulation and senescence regulation in London plane tree (Platanus acerifolia) remains unknown. In this study, we identified a gene PaNAC089 from London plane tree, which encodes a membrane-tethered transcription factor (MTTF) belonging to the NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factor family. We investigated the functions of PaNAC089 in the regulation of flowering and senescence through the analysis of expression profiles and transgenic phenotypes. Heterologous overexpression of ΔPaNAC089 delayed flowering and inhibited chlorophyll breakdown to produce dark green rosette leaves in Arabidopsis. In addition, the trichome density of rosette leaves was decreased in transgenic lines. In ΔPaNAC089 overexpression plants, a series of functional genes with inhibited expression were identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), including genes that regulate flowering, chlorophyll decomposition, and trichome initiation. Furthermore, ΔPaNAC089 directly binds to the promoter of CONSTANS (CO) and NON-YELLOWING2 (NYE2) in the yeast one-hybrid assay. Consistent with this, luciferase (LUC) transient expression assays also showed that ΔPaNAC089 could inhibit the activity of NYE2. To summarise, our data suggests that PaNAC089 is an MTTF that modulates flowering, chlorophyll breakdown and trichome initiation.