Pancreas

Nyland, Thomas G.; Mattoon, John S.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4867-1.00011-8

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Box and whisker plot comparing serum ADMA concentrations between dogs with acute pancreatitis divided into groups using the previously validated canine acute pancreatitis severity (CAPS) cutoff 12 (CAPS ≥11 and <11). Dogs with CAPS ≥11 showed a significantly higher median ADMA concentration than dogs with CAPS<11 (Mann‐Whitney U test, P = .009)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A diagnosis of AP was made if all of the following criteria were met: compatible clinical signs (≥2 of the following: abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, hyporexia), changes consistent with AP on abdominal ultrasound examination (Xario XG, Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) for AP within 48 hours of hospital admission and abnormal SNAP test result for canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) (Idexx Laboratories, Milan, Italy). Abdominal ultrasound examination was performed by an experienced radiologist and was considered consistent with AP if the pancreas was hypoechoic and enlarged, with irregular shape and margins, and surrounded by hyperechoic mesentery or abdominal effusion or both 12 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine as an inflammatory and prognostic marker in dogs with acute pancreatitis

Gori

Pierini

Lippi

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) has been proposed as a severity marker in humans with acute pancreatitis (AP).Objectives: To evaluate ADMA in dogs with AP compared with healthy dogs and its association with severity of disease, mortality, and indicators of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), including serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, WBC count, and band neutrophils.Animals: Fifty-four dogs with AP and a control group (CG) of 28 healthy dogs.Methods: Cohort study including dogs with AP diagnosed using clinical and laboratory variables, abnormal canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) concentration, and compatible abdominal ultrasound examination findings performed within 48 hours of admission.Canine AP severity (CAPS) was calculated. Serum concentration of ADMA was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Blood donor-, staff-, and student-owned dogs were enrolled in the CG.Results: Dogs with AP had higher median admission serum ADMA concentrations compared with the CG (62 versus 48.5 μg/dL; P = .003). Dogs with CAPS ≥11 had higher serum ADMA concentrations than did dogs with CAPS <11 (92 versus 54.6 μg/dL P = .009). Univariable analysis for mortality, CAPS score, band neutrophils, CRP, and ADMA were included in multivariable logistic regression, in which only ADMA was associated with mortality (P = .02). Survivors had a significant decrease in ADMA at first reevaluation compared to admission (P = .02).Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Because serum ADMA concentrations were higher in AP dogs compared with the CG, it may have value as a biomarker in the diagnosis of AP in dogs. In addition, because ADMA was associated with mortality, it may have prognostic value. canine, inflammation, pancreas, severityAbbreviations: ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine; AP, acute pancreatitis; CAPS, canine acute pancreatitis severity; CG, control group; cPL, canine pancreatic lipase; CRP, C-reactive protein; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide species; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine as an inflammatory and prognostic marker in dogs with acute pancreatitis

Gori

Pierini

Lippi

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…8 In cats, the distal portions of the common bile and pancreatic ducts merge before entering the duodenum at the duodenal papilla. 9 This is in contrast to the dog where the point of entry of the accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum, at the minor duodenal papilla, is not commonly seen on ultrasound. 9…”

Section: Normal Appearance Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…9 This is in contrast to the dog where the point of entry of the accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum, at the minor duodenal papilla, is not commonly seen on ultrasound. 9…”

Section: Normal Appearance Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 91%

Feline abdominal ultrasonography: What’s normal? What’s abnormal? The normal gastrointestinal tract

Griffin

2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Abdominal ultrasound plays a vital role in the diagnostic work-up of many cats presenting to general and specialist practitioners. B-mode ultrasonography is likely the most widely used modality for imaging the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in cats, providing information on intestinal wall thickness and the presence or absence of intestinal dilation and peristalsis, among other factors. Clinical challenges: Despite ultrasonography being a commonly used modality, many practitioners are not comfortable performing an ultrasound examination or interpreting the resulting images. Even differentiating between normal variations and pathological changes can be challenging for all but the most experienced. Aim: This review, part of an occasional series on feline abdominal ultrasonography, discusses the ultrasonographic examination and appearance of the normal GI tract; the diseased GI tract is addressed in an accompanying article in this issue of JFMS. Aimed at general practitioners who wish to improve their knowledge and confidence in feline abdominal ultrasound, this review describes where findings contrast with those typically seen in dogs. It is accompanied by high-resolution images and videos available online as supplementary material. Equipment: Ultrasound facilities are readily available to most practitioners, although use of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool is highly dependent on operator experience. Evidence base: Information provided in this article is drawn from the published literature and the author’s own clinical experience.

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“…The diagnosis of AP was made if there were: compatible clinical signs (two or more of the following: abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, or anorexia/poor appetite), a compatible abdominal ultrasound (Xario XG, Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) for AP within 48 h of hospital admission, and an abnormal SNAP cPL test result (Idexx Laboratories, Milan, Italy). Abdominal ultrasound was considered consistent with AP if there was a hypoechoic and enlarged pancreas, with an irregular shape and margins, surrounded by hyperechoic mesentery and/or abdominal effusion [ 13 ]. Dogs to be included in the study had to have a full hematobiochemical panel (urea, creatinine, albumin, total proteins, glucose, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, g-glutamyltransferase, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, chloride, total calcium, phosphorus, and c-reactive protein), a coagulation profile (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen), urinalysis, and venous blood gas performed as the routine care for dogs presented for AP at presentation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) in Dogs with Acute Pancreatitis

Gori

Pierini

Lippi

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is considered an important biomarker of kidney dysfunction. The aims of the study were to evaluate SDMA in dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP) and its relationship with the presence of kidney injury and mortality. A cohort study including fifty-four dogs with AP diagnosed using compatible clinical and laboratory parameters, abnormal SNAP cPL and compatible abdominal ultrasound within 48 h from admission, was conducted. Dogs with history of renal and/or urinary diseases were excluded, along with dogs exposed to nephrotoxic drugs. Serum urea and creatinine and urinary output (UO) were recorded. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was diagnosed and graded using International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines. SDMA was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Fifty-four dogs were included and divided in non-AKI (n = 37) and AKI dogs (n = 17). Twenty-three dogs (14 non-AKI) had SDMA > 15 μg/dL. Median SDMA was higher in AKI dogs than non-AKI dogs (25.7 vs. 13.93 μg/dL; p = 0.03). Dogs with normal creatinine (AP and AKI 1 dogs) had SDMA above reference range in 38% and 33% of cases, respectively. In AKI dogs, SDMA and creatinine were positively correlated (p = 0.006 r = 0.7). SDMA was not significantly different between survivors and non-survivors. Although further studies are warranted, SDMA may be a useful tool in canine AP, as a high SDMA may be related to subclinical kidney impairment.

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Pancreas

Cited by 21 publications

References 95 publications

Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine as an inflammatory and prognostic marker in dogs with acute pancreatitis

Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine as an inflammatory and prognostic marker in dogs with acute pancreatitis

Feline abdominal ultrasonography: What’s normal? What’s abnormal? The normal gastrointestinal tract

Evaluation of Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) in Dogs with Acute Pancreatitis

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