Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods

Ungkulpasvich, Umbhorn; Hatakeyama, Hideyuki; Hirotsu, Takaaki; di Luccio, Eric

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11092557

Cited by 4 publications

References 212 publications

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Efficient Detection of Pancreatic-Cancer Biomarkers using Functionalized Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes

Kumar,

Hussain,

Shen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Early diagnosis of cancer is crucially important for prescribing a therapy plan to possibly save human lives. Towards this end, one amongst the pathologies is to consider the efficient detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related, for instance, to the pancreatic cancer existing in exhaled breath of patients. The scope of the present investigation is to search for suitable materials used for detecting these VOCs with high sensitivity and selectivity. The density functional theory (DFT) is employed to study the adsorption of three pancreatic cancer biomarkers; namely, (i) 2-pentanone (2p-none), (ii) 4-ethyl-1-2-dimethylbenzene (4E1-2DMB), and (iii) N-nonanal (N-nonal) on the pristine titanium carbides MXenes (Ti3C2Tx, Tx = O, S, F) as well as doped with selected transition metals “TMs” (e.g., Co, Cu, Fe, Ni). At the level of pristine MXenes, a clear selective adsorption towards the three VOCs is obtained as compared to the interfering air molecules (N2, O2, CO2, H2O) with suitable adsorption energies ranging from − 0.60 eV to -1.10 eV. Furthermore, the strongest adsorption of VOCs is always found to correspond to Ti3C2O2 MXenes. Four different scenarios of TM-doping were considered and among which two cases are found to be effective to enhance the adsorptions of VOCs with effects on Fermi states. These latter two cases correspond to TM-doping O site and TM ad-atom. Adsorptions of VOCs on Cu-doped MXenes is found to have mimic effect on Fermi states and thus Cu should be excluded from the candidature. We concluded that TM-doping Ti3C2O2 MXenes (with TM = Co, Fe, Ni) should be a good candidate material for fabrication of platform of disposable biosensor with high selectivity towards the detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers.

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Efficient Detection of Pancreatic-Cancer Biomarkers using Functionalized Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes

Kumar,

Hussain,

Shen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor in Pancreatic and Liver Cancers—From Inflammation to Cancer

Pączek,

Zajkowska,

Mroczko

2024

Biomedicines

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Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite the emergence of new possibilities that offer hope regarding the successful treatment of these cancers, they still represent a significant global health burden. These cancers can arise from various cell types within the gastrointestinal tract and may exhibit different characteristics, behaviors, and treatment approaches. Both the prognosis and the outcomes of GI treatment remain problematic because these tumors are primarily diagnosed in advanced clinical stages. Current biomarkers exhibit limited sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, when developing strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of GI cancers, it is of fundamental importance to discover new biomarkers capable of addressing the challenges of early-stage diagnosis and the presence of lymph node metastases. Pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) has garnered interest due to its inhibitory effects on the migration and proliferation of cancer cells. This protein has been suggested to be involved in various inflammation-related diseases, including cancer, through various mechanisms. It was also observed that reducing the level of PEDF is sufficient to trigger an inflammatory response. This suggests that PEDF is an endogenous anti-inflammatory factor. Overall, PEDF is a versatile protein with diverse biological functions that span across different tissues and organ systems. Its multifaceted activities make it an intriguing target for therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders. This review, for the first time, summarizes the role of PEDF in the pathogenesis of selected GI cancers and its potential utility in early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies for this malignancy.

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N-NOSE Proves Effective for Early Cancer Detection: Real-World Data from Third-Party Medical Institutions

Nakajo,

Hatakeyama,

Morishita

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality in Japan, yet participation in conventional screening programs is low due to invasiveness, cost, and accessibility. Non-invasive, affordable, and accurate methods for early cancer detection in asymptomatic individuals are urgently needed. This opinion manuscript evaluates nematode cancer testing, a novel urine-based screening test using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, for its potential to improve early cancer detection rates, based on real-world data published in a Japanese journal. Nematode cancer testing leverages the nematode’s ability to detect cancer-associated volatile compounds in urine, offering a highly sensitive, non-invasive screening approach. We analyzed data from a nationwide survey of PET-equipped medical institutions in Japan, comparing cancer discovery rates between nematode cancer testing-triggered and standard PET screenings. In nematode cancer testing-triggered PET screenings, the cancer discovery rate was 2.96%, significantly higher than the 1.31% observed in standard PET screenings. The apparent positive predictive value (PPV) of nematode cancer testing was calculated at 2.09%; when adjusted for PET/CT sensitivity, the actual PPV increased to approximately 11.7%. This reflects a screening efficiency 14.6 times higher than the general population’s cancer incidence. These findings indicate that nematode cancer testing successfully detects cancer in high-risk individuals and may encourage participation in further diagnostic evaluations. The recently published nationwide survey of PET-equipped medical institutions in Japan highlights the good performance of nematode cancer testing in cancer detection. As an opinion-type manuscript based on real-world data from Japan, this paper shows that nematode cancer testing has substantial potential as a cost-effective, minimally invasive primary cancer screening tool for asymptomatic populations. By enhancing early detection rates and screening efficiency, it addresses the limitations of traditional screening methods. Implementing nematode cancer testing could lead to improved cancer outcomes, particularly in populations with low participation in standard screening programs and resource-limited settings.

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Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods

Cited by 4 publications

References 212 publications

Efficient Detection of Pancreatic-Cancer Biomarkers using Functionalized Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes

Efficient Detection of Pancreatic-Cancer Biomarkers using Functionalized Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes

Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor in Pancreatic and Liver Cancers—From Inflammation to Cancer

N-NOSE Proves Effective for Early Cancer Detection: Real-World Data from Third-Party Medical Institutions

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