Pancultural explanations for life satisfaction: Adding relationship harmony to self-esteem.

Kwan, Virginia S. Y.; Bond, Michael Harris; Singelis, Theodore M.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.5.1038

Cited by 773 publications

(731 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Table 1 provides a summary of these findings. Most of the studies used college student samples and found that self-esteem had a strong positive correlation with Emotional Stability, moderate positive correlations with Extraversion and Conscientiousness, and weak positive correlations with Agreeableness and Openness (Goldberg & Rosolack, 1994;Jackson & Gerard, 1996;Kwan, Bond, & Singelis, 1997;Keller, 1999;Robins, Hendin, & Trzesniewski, 2001). The two studies of adults found a similar pattern of correlations (Costa, McCrae, & Dye, 1991;Pullman & Allik, 1999).…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…There is virtually no research on these issues and no clear theoretical basis for making predictions. The only existing relevant studies, Kwan et al's (1997) study of Hong Kong students and Pullman and Allik's (1999) study of Estonian adults, point to the generalizability of the Big Five correlates of self-esteem to non-U.S. populations.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality Correlates of Self-Esteem

Robins

Tracy

Trzesniewski

et al. 2001

Journal of Research in Personality

433

315

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The current study examined the relation between self-esteem and the Big Five personality dimensions. Data were collected over the Internet from a large heterogeneous sample of individuals who ranged in age from 9 to 90 years (N ϭ 326,641). Collectively, the Big Five accounted for 34% of the variance in self-esteem. High self-esteem individuals were emotionally stable, extraverted, and conscientious and were somewhat agreeable and open to experience. Despite an extensive search for potential mediators and moderators of this general pattern, the relations between self-esteem and the Big Five largely cut across age, sex, social class, ethnicity, and nationality (United States vs non-United States). High self-esteem individuals tended to ascribe socially desirable traits to themselves, and this tendency partially mediated relations between the Big Five and self-esteem. Discussion focuses on interpreting the social desirability effects, limitations of the study, and directions for future research.

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Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Correlates of Self-Esteem

Robins

Tracy

Trzesniewski

et al. 2001

Journal of Research in Personality

433

315

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, a sense of congruence between self-defining sets of relations (e.g., as a wife and as a daughter-in-law), between one's wish and others' expectation, or between the self and the psychological situation may be crucial to the collectivists' conception of overall well-being. Such possibilities, in turn, call for the urgent need to uncover indigenous components of life satisfaction, such as relationship harmony (Kwan, Bond, & Singelis, 1997), in the more collective-oriented cultures. Second, our findings have tapped into an interesting issue for cross-cultural studies on emotion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

Suh¹,

Diener

Oishi

et al. 1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

1,078

758

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The relative importance of emotions versus normative beliefs for life satisfaction judgments was compared among individualist and collectivist nations in 2 large sets of international data (in total, 61 nations, N = 62,446). Among nations, emotions and life satisfaction correlated significantly more strongly in more individualistic nations (r = .52 in Study 1; r = .48 in Study 2). At the individual level, emotions were far superior predictors of life satisfaction to norms (social approval of life satisfaction) in individualist cultures, whereas norms and emotions were equally strong predictors of life satisfaction in collectivist cultures. The present findings have implications for future studies on cultural notions of well-being, the functional value of emotional experiences, and individual differences in life satisfaction profiles.Across the world, is the "good life" attained mostly by doing what a person would like to do or by doing what a person thinks he or she should do? More broadly, are internal processes, such as attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and the like, or external pro-

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“…Our second objective was to compare the responses with the RSESboth within and across cultures-with other personality measures and test the external equivalence of the RSES. Previous findings have indicated that scores on the RSES correlate strongly with two of the Big Five dimensions: Neuroticism and Extraversion (Costa, McCrae, & Dye, 1991;Kwan, Bond, & Singelis, 1997;Pullmann & Allik, 2000;Robins, Tracy, & Trzesniewski, 2001). The universality of this relationship has been questioned by an opposing view that self-esteem is a culturally specific construct that only sometimes provides a protective barrier against neuroticism.…”

Section: External Equivalence Of Global Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 Nations: Exploring the Universal and Culture-Specific Features of Global Self-Esteem.

Schmitt¹,

Allik²

2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

1,249

876

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The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was translated into 28 languages and administered to 16,998 participants across 53 nations. The RSES factor structure was largely invariant across nations. RSES scores correlated with neuroticism, extraversion, and romantic attachment styles within nearly all nations, providing additional support for cross-cultural equivalence of the RSES. All nations scored above the theoretical midpoint of the RSES, indicating generally positive self-evaluation may be culturally universal. Individual differences in self-esteem were variable across cultures, with a neutral response bias prevalent in more collectivist cultures. Self-competence and self-liking subscales of the RSES varied with cultural individualism. Although positively and negatively worded items of the RSES were correlated within cultures and were uniformly related to external personality variables, differences between aggregates of positive and negative items were smaller in developed nations. Because negatively worded items were interpreted differently across nations, direct cross-cultural comparisons using the RSES may have limited value.Keywords: self-esteem, cross-cultural psychology, personalityGlobal self-esteem is typically defined as one's overall sense of worthiness as a person (Baumeister, 1993;Branden, 1994;Rosenberg, 1979). Among the many devices for assessing global selfesteem, the self-report version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965) remains the most widely used measure (Byrne, 1996;Wylie, 1974). The popularity of the 10-item RSES has been due, in part, to its long history of use, its uncomplicated language, and its brevity (it takes only 1 or 2 min to complete). In addition, the RSES displays a transparent one-dimensional factor structure (Corwyn, 2000;Fleming & Courtney, 1984;O'Brien, 1985;Whiteside-Mansell & Corwyn, 2003), though some studies have found underlying subfactors within the RSES (Carmines & Zeller, 1979;Tafarodi & Swann, 1996).The relative simplicity and accessibility of the RSES has favored a considerable number of translations, including almost all Indo-European languages (Helbing, 1982;Jerusalem, 1988;Shorkey & Whiteman, 1978;Vallieres & Vallerand, 1990) and also many languages from completely different linguistic families such as Chinese (Cheng & Page, 1989;Farruggia, Chen, Greenberger, Dmitrieva, & Macek, 2004), Japanese (Kamakura, Jukoando, & Ono, 2001;Okada & Nagai, 1990), Persian (Shapurian, Hojat, & Nayerahmadi, 1987), and Estonian (Pullmann & Allik, 2000). Because of its presumed simplicity, the psychometric properties of the RSES have seldom been examined with demand and rigor across cultures, often leaving open questions of structural and measurement equivalence.The current study addressed this concern by simultaneously administering the RSES, alongside other questionnaires, to college student and community samples from 53 nations. More specifically, the current study had five main objectives. First, we evaluated the structural equivalence of the RSES acros...

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Pancultural explanations for life satisfaction: Adding relationship harmony to self-esteem.

Cited by 773 publications

References 45 publications

Personality Correlates of Self-Esteem

Personality Correlates of Self-Esteem

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

Simultaneous Administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 Nations: Exploring the Universal and Culture-Specific Features of Global Self-Esteem.

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