PANI-PVA composite film coated optical fiber probe as a stable and highly sensitive pH sensor

Khanikar, Tulika; Singh, Vinod Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.11.044

Cited by 42 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As the wound dressing becomes more acidic (transition from the wound to normal tissue), the environment promotes concomitant entrance of protons toward the dressing sensing electrode via the attraction of acrylic acid chains of the protective outer layer and imine group from PANI. While several studies have unveiled the implication of PANI as a conjugated polymer for pH response, , the sensing mechanism of this study aimed for the role of hydrogen generation by wound dressing as the reduced form of cuprite-oxide pendant chains attached to the nitrogen center group of PANI during a cathodic reaction. Toward a transition between each healing stage, the wound dressing produced hydrogen ions when the particular copper-doped PANI undergoes the following reaction where n 1 and n 2 denote the numbers of imide groups and cuprite-oxide chains attached to the nitrogen center groups, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Wearable Sensors Interconnected with Advanced Wound Dressing Bandages for Contactless Chronic Skin Monitoring: Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Tissue Regeneration

2022

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Toward the adoption of artificial intelligence-enabled wearable sensors interconnected with intelligent medical objects, this contactless multi-intelligent wearable technology provides a solution for healthcare to monitor hard-to-heal wounds and create optimal efficiencies for clinical professionals by minimizing the risk of disease infection. This article addressed a flexible artificial intelligence-guiding (FLEX-AI) wearable sensor that can be operated with a deep artificial neural network (deep ANN) algorithm for chronic wound monitoring via short-range communication toward a seamless, MXENE-attached, radio frequency-tuned, and wound dressing-integrated (SMART-WD) bandage. Based on a supervised training set of on-contact pH-responsive voltage output, the confusion matrix for healing-stage recognition from this deep ANN machine learning revealed an accuracy of 94.6% for the contactless measurement. The core analytical design of these smart bandages integrated wound dressing of poly(vinyl acrylic) gel@PANI/Cu2O NPs for instigating pH-responsive current during the wound healing process. Effectively, a chip-free bandage tag was fabricated with a capacitive Mxene/PTFE electret and adhesive acrylic inductance to match the resonance frequency generated by the intelligent wearable antenna. Under zero-current electrochemical potential, the wound dressing attained a slope of −76 mV/pH. With the higher activation voltage applied toward the wound dressing electrodes, cuprous ions intercalated more into the hybrid PVA gel/PANI shell, resulting in an exponential increase of the two-terminal current response. The healing phase diagram was classified into regimes of fast-curing, slow-curing, and no-curing for skin disease treatment with corticosteroids. Ultimately, the near-field sensing technology offers adequate information for guiding treatment decisions as well as drug effectiveness for wound care.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Wearable Sensors Interconnected with Advanced Wound Dressing Bandages for Contactless Chronic Skin Monitoring: Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Tissue Regeneration

2022

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“…Table I lists key sensing parameters of the proposed sensor in comparison to some other reported dye-free OFS pH sensors. Among these sensors, the proposed sensor shows a large detection range compared to the hydrogel coated FBG sensor [16], [37], PAH/PAA bilayers coated evanescent sensor [38] and PANI-PVA coated evanescent sensor [39]. It possesses a simple structure compared to FBG and SPR based sensors in terms of fabrication; it has a low temperature cross-sensitivity and does not require expensive wavelength interrogating devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A U-Shape Fibre-Optic pH Sensor Based on Hydrogen Bonding of Ethyl Cellulose With a Sol-Gel Matrix

Tang

Gómez

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Development of a biocompatible pH sensor is of importance in biomedical applications, particularly for in vivo measurement, providing necessary information for clinical diagnosis and treatment such as chronic wounds and foetal acidosis. Traditional pH-indicator based optical sensors have problems of dyeleaching and photobleaching that restrict their uses in long-term monitoring. In this work, a dye-free fibre optic pH sensor is proposed consisting of a U-shape multimode optical fibre coated with a hybrid organic-inorganic composite film. The film is formed by cross-linking ethyl cellulose with a silica matrix at an optimised ethyl cellulose/silica molar ratio of 0.0065 via weakly interacted hydrogen bonding. This bonding is affected by hydrogen concentration (i.e., pH) in a solution resulting in a morphological change of the polymer aggregation presented in the silica matrix leading to refractive index change of the film. The developed sensor shows a reversible response to pH from 4.5 to 12.5 and exhibits linear correlation between transmitted light power and pH with a limit of agreement (LoA) between the sensor and a commercial probe of ±0.2 pH. For a clinically important range of pH values between 6 and 8 the LoA is ±0.1 pH. The sensor has low cross-sensitivity to temperature as the maximum interpreted pH change attributed to the power change is 0.12 pH when the temperature changes from 21°C to 39°C. To demonstrate biomedical relevance, the sensor is used to monitor pH of human serum. An in-house cytotoxicity assay is conducted with mouse fibroblast cell revealing that the film is not cytotoxic.

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“…Khanikar and Singh [ 160 ] established an essential fiber optic pH sensor covered by a PANI polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) compound layer. This sensor is made by replacing polymer fiber with a coating of a pH-sensitive PANI-PVA layer and shows extraordinary sensitivity effects for 2.79 μW/pH for pH 2–9.…”

Section: Pani Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparations, Properties, and Applications of Polyaniline and Polyaniline Thin Films—A Review

et al. 2021

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Polyaniline (PANI) is a famous conductive polymer, and it has received tremendous consideration from researchers in the field of nanotechnology for the improvement of sensors, optoelectronic devices, and photonic devices. PANI is doped easily by different acids and dopants because of its easy synthesis and remarkable environmental stability. This review focuses on different preparation processes of PANI thin film by chemical and physical methods. Several features of PANI thin films, such as their magnetic, redox, and antioxidant, anti-corrosion, and electrical and sensing properties, are discussed in this review. PANI is a highly conductive polymer. Given its unique properties, easy synthesis, low cost, and high environmental stability in various applications such as electronics, drugs, and anti-corrosion materials, it has attracted extensive attention. The most important PANI applications are briefly reviewed at the end of this review.

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PANI-PVA composite film coated optical fiber probe as a stable and highly sensitive pH sensor

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Intelligent Wearable Sensors Interconnected with Advanced Wound Dressing Bandages for Contactless Chronic Skin Monitoring: Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Tissue Regeneration

Intelligent Wearable Sensors Interconnected with Advanced Wound Dressing Bandages for Contactless Chronic Skin Monitoring: Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Tissue Regeneration

A U-Shape Fibre-Optic pH Sensor Based on Hydrogen Bonding of Ethyl Cellulose With a Sol-Gel Matrix

Preparations, Properties, and Applications of Polyaniline and Polyaniline Thin Films—A Review

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