Panorama actual en el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis cutánea

Abstract

Pulmonary and cutaneous tuberculosis are caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to data from the World Health Organization, there are around 8 million new cases per year.The incidence of cutaneous tuberculosis has risen in parallel with that of pulmonary tuberculosis, and coinfection by M tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus is considered to be one of the main causes. Current diagnostic methods for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are far from perfect, leading to a delay in starting appropriate therapy.We present a review of these diagnostic methods and of their use in the cutaneous forms. In conclusion,histopathologic findings and isolation of M tuberculosis in cultures of biopsy material or by polymerase chain reaction are the most useful diagnostic tools in cutaneous tuberculosis.

Cutaneous tuberculosis: epidemiologic, etiopathogenic and clinical aspects - Part I

“…From the midtwentieth century onwards, there was a resurgence of the disease with the main causes being the increased incidence of HIV-positive patients, the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and the growing number of patients receiving immunosuppressive treatments. 1,2 …”

Detection of IS6110 and HupB gene sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and bovisin the aortic tissue of patients with Takayasu’s arteritis

“…Extrapulmonary type involvement can occur through the hematogenic pathway and this infection is frequently found in lymphatic ganglia, serosa, pleura, peritoneum, brain, kidney, bone, and skin [15-17]. …”

Tuberculosis cutánea a forma de lupus vulgar causada por vacuna de bacilo Calmette-Guérin. A propósito de un caso pediátrico

“…La infección puede ser endógena a partir de una lesión tuberculosa que se origina por contigüidad de un foco subyacente (óseo, ganglios, vainas tendinosas) o puede adquirirse por vía linfática o diseminación hematógena (4,5) .…”

“…Desconocemos qué sucede con las formas cutáneas. Sabemos que a nivel mundial estas representan entre 1% y 4% de las formas extrapulmonares, porcentaje que varía según el área geográfica (3)(4)(5)(6) . No existen publicaciones respecto al tema y referencias sobre las complicaciones por bacilo de Calmette y Guérin (BCG).…”