Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Walker, Alison M.; Hoy, Marjorie A.; Meyerdirk, Dale E.

doi:10.32473/edis-in579-2003

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Earlier, Miller et al (1999) reported the incidence of papaya mealybug on 60 host plants of about 25 genera including economically important crops. Meyerdirk and Kauffman (2001) reported a wider host range of about over 60 species and Walker et al (2003) listed 55 host plants in 25 genera. Ben-Dov reported the presence of mealybug species in 22 plant families (Ben-Dov, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Plants of Invasive Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink) in Tamil Nadu

Sakthivel¹,

Karuppuchamy²,

Kalyanasundaram³

et al. 2012

MAJ

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Invasive papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Williams Granara de Willink) invaded Tamil Nadu, India in 2008 has attained the status of a serious pest on a wide range of host plants. An extensive survey conducted during 2009 - 2011 revealed the presence of this mealybug on 133 plant species belonging to 48 families including pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, narcotics, green manures, vegetables, fruit trees, tuber crops, flower plants, ornamentals, plantation crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, biofuel crops, tree species and weeds. Plants from Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae were generally found as preferred hosts of this mealybug species. High host preference was noticed on 33 hosts followed by medium damage in 31 hosts. Pest intensity and damage was found to be low in 56 host plants while there was incidental damage for shorter durations in 13 hosts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Plants of Invasive Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink) in Tamil Nadu

Sakthivel¹,

Karuppuchamy²,

Kalyanasundaram³

et al. 2012

MAJ

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“…P. marginatus is present in all five of these countries. Momordica from Honduras is also permitted into the EU (EFSA PLH Panel, 2021b; EU 2022/853); however, P. marginatus is not known to occur in Honduras although it is present in Central America, and the US report interceptions from Honduras (Miller et al., 2014).…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Paracoccus marginatus

Bragard¹,

Baptista²,

Chatzivassiliou³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae), the papaya scale, for the EU. It is native to Central America and since the 1990s, it has spread rapidly in mainly tropical areas of the Caribbean, islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, Africa and southern Asia. Large populations were detected in northern Israel in 2016. It has not been reported within the EU. It is not listed in Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. It reproduces sexually and there are up to 11 generations per year in India. The estimated minimum, optimum and maximum temperature thresholds for the adult females are 13.9, 28.4 and 32.1°C, respectively. First-instar nymphs may move to neighbouring plants by crawling, or be passively dispersed by wind, or hitchhiking on clothing, equipment or animals. It is highly polyphagous, feeding on plants in 172 genera and 54 families. It is an important pest of custard apple (Annona spp.), papaya (Carica papaya) and Hibiscus spp. It also feeds on a wide range of plants cultivated in the EU such as eggplant (Solanum melongena), avocado (Persea americana), citrus (Citrus spp.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), grapevine (Vitis vinifera), guava (Psidium guajava), mango (Mangifera indica), passionfruit (Passiflora edulis), pomegranate (Punica granatum), pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Plants for planting, fruits, vegetables and cut flowers are the main potential pathways for entry of P. marginatus into the EU. Climatic conditions in the warmest areas of Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Spain, where host plants occur, would likely allow this species to successfully establish and spread. Reductions in yield and quality of some cultivated hosts including Annona spp., Hibiscus spp. and papaya are anticipated if establishment occurs. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of entry and spread. P. marginatus meets the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest.

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“…They then begin feeding by sucking the sap with their piercing and sucking mouthparts. Once they have established themselves, they often don't move unless they are disturbed (Walker et al, 2006). The nymphs excrete a cottony waxy substance that cover themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereo-microscopic study of the anatomy of Papaya mealy bug Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink)

Prakash,

Veershetty,

shukla

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink) is an economical pest of mulberry causing significant crop loss by damaging the leaves. This study was undertaken to investigate the internal structure of papaya mealybug was morphologically examined through a stereo-zoom microscope which includes digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system, excretory system, pseudovitellus and muscular system. The internal anatomy of papaya mealybug revealed that the digestive system is associated with fore-gut (pharynx and oesophagus), mid-gut (stomach /dilated sac), filter chamber and hind-gut (ileum and rectum). The filter chamber is enclosed with posterior extremity of oesophagus, anterior mid-gut, posterior mid-gut, anterior extremity of ileum and rectum. Either side of the oesophageal tube has a pair of fully formed salivary glands. Two malpighian tubules approximate of its body length were seen adjacent to the hind-gut. Nervous system is mainly composed of supra-oesophageal ganglion (Brain) with a small lobe called sympathetic ganglion, sub-oesophageal ganglion and thoracico-abdomial ganglion. Tracheal trunks emerge from four spiracles, which were encircled by wax glands at its base. Reproductive system consists of three globular genital glands with a single globular structured spermatheca, a pair of ovaries present in Y shape with numerous ovarioles. The ventral longitudinal muscles protrude from diamond shaped thoracic furca and dorsal longitudinal muscles present beneath the dorsal region extends throughout the body. Oval shaped pseudo-vitellus composed of bacterio-cysts in the centre of the ventral region. The purpose of this study is to highlight some of the important internal anatomical features of adult female papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink).

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Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Host Plants of Invasive Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink) in Tamil Nadu

Host Plants of Invasive Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink) in Tamil Nadu

Pest categorisation of Paracoccus marginatus

Stereo-microscopic study of the anatomy of Papaya mealy bug Paracoccus marginatus (Williams and Granara de Willink)

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