Papel de la microbiota intestinal en el desarrollo de diferentes enfermedades neurológicas

Castillo-Álvarez, Federico; Marzo-Sola, María Eugenia

doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2019.03.017

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Interestingly, there is recent evidence that SCFAs can signal through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) at the cell surface, including GPCR41, GPCR43, and GPCR109a and these activate signaling cascades that control multiple immune functions. Recent transgenic mouse studies support a key role of these GPCRs in the regulation of intestinal inflammation (Sears, 2009;Fathi and Wu, 2016;Lukiw, 2016a,b;Castillo-Álvarez and Marzo-Sola, 2019;Fox et al, 2019;Parada Venegas et al, 2019).…”

Section: Overview-the Human Gastrointestinal (Gi) Tract Microbiome-bamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Over 99% of the microbes in the human GI-tract are facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria; the most abundant Gram-negative bacterial Phylum in the human GI-tract microbiome are the Bacteroidetes, with a major Genus-species being represented by the obligate Gram-negative anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis. In some intestinal tract regions B. fragilis: (i) are present at about ∼100-fold the abundance of the Proteobacteria Escherichia coli; (ii) colonize the human GI-tract at densities up to 8 × 10 10 CFU per cm 3 , the highest density of any microbial colonization known in nature (Sears, 2009;Fathi and Wu, 2016;Rios-Covian et al, 2017;Patrick et al, 2019;Rinninella et al, 2019); and (iii) reside and proliferate exclusively in the GI-tract of mammals, suggesting a strong adaptation to the pH, biophysical and microbial composition of the gut environment (Bhattacharjee and Lukiw, 2013;Wexler and Goodman, 2017;Poeker et al, 2018;Castillo-Álvarez and Marzo-Sola, 2019).…”

Section: Overview-the Human Gastrointestinal (Gi) Tract Microbiome-bamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

Lukiw

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Section: Overview-the Human Gastrointestinal (Gi) Tract Microbiome-bamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Overview-the Human Gastrointestinal (Gi) Tract Microbiome-bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

Lukiw

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Indeed, it was already demonstrated in recent reports that gut microbiota modulates inflammation through short-chain fatty acids and endotoxin synthesis. The microbiota is correlated not only with Alzheimer's disease, neuromyelitis optica, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease but also ALS (130, 131).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Alteration and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Outcome: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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Background: The development of strategies that could not only efficiently detect the onset of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with no cure but also predict its development and evaluate therapeutic intervention would be of great value. In this respect, the metabolic status of ALS patients has called attention. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between changes in ALS's metabolic parameters with the disease outcome in a systematic review.Methods: The manuscripts were manually searched within different databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane). The inclusion criteria were original articles and reviews about individuals with ALS and its survival, disease prognosis and metabolism (weight, cholesterol, hypertension, BMI, and glycaemia). The authors also established three different exclusion criteria: studies including ALS and other degenerative disorders, works including animal models and published before the year 2000.Results: In total, 29 papers were selected. From all manuscripts, only 82.8% ensured the participation of sALS patients. Also, 27.6% of selected studies described the presence of a genetic mutation. Regarding ALS prognosis, patient's age, the age of ALS onset, ALS duration and survival, <50% of the papers addressed these issues. Specifically, regarding metabolism, 65.5% of articles mentioned BMI, 20.7% mentioned any data concerning hypertension, 6.89% cardiovascular risk, 10.3% obesity, 13.78% diabetes and 10.3% glycaemia. Concerning lipid metabolism, more results were gathered, but still, they did not suffice to establish a correlation with ALS development.Conclusions: Altogether, the authors concluded that available information is not enough to establish a link between ALS and metabolism. In reality, less than half of the manuscripts evaluated show an association between both factors. Nonetheless, it is worth mentioning that metabolism does influence ALS, but not in a unique manner. There is a debate about patients' hypo- and hypermetabolism. Thus, to provide a reliable record, a public policy in which all research and clinical centers might assess the parameters discussed herein is suggested. Accordingly, this systematic review attempts to provide a comprehensible database to facilitate multicentered collaboration, validation, and clinical translation.

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“…Short-chain fatty acids are of interest in ADRD and other neurological diseases because of evolving research on the gut-brain axis and the gut microbiome. 46 Certain gut bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids, which are anti-inflammatory and beneficial for the gut. 47 Because they are readily absorbed across the intestinal wall, they may have further systemic and central effects, and to consume more of them via the diet may be beneficial; however, there is little evidence for this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fatty acids and risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Observations from the Washington Heights‐Hamilton Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP)

Gustafson

Bäckman

Scarmeas

et al. 2020

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction: High dietary intake of long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with lower Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Methods: Washington Heights-Hamilton Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project is a multiethnic, prospective observational study of aging and dementia among elderly (≥ 65 years). Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid intakes were categorized by number of carbons and double bonds. Consensus AD diagnoses were made. Associations between AD risk and dietary fatty acid and cholesterol intakes were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: Of 2612 multiethnic women (67%) and men (baseline age 76.3 [6.4] years), 380 developed AD over an average 4.5 years follow-up. Lower risk of AD was associated with increasing intakes of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 to 0.95, P = 0.018) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.95, P = 0.021), and longer AD-free survival (P < 0.05).

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Papel de la microbiota intestinal en el desarrollo de diferentes enfermedades neurológicas

Cited by 25 publications

References 54 publications

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

Metabolic Alteration and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Outcome: A Systematic Review

Dietary fatty acids and risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Observations from the Washington Heights‐Hamilton Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP)

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