Paper-based flexible strain and pressure sensor with enhanced mechanical strength and super-hydrophobicity that can work under water

Liu, Hanbin; Wang, Wei; Xiang, Huacui; Wu, Haidong; Z, Li; Zhou, Hongwei; Huang, Wei

doi:10.1039/d1tc04697g

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In comparison to previously reported paper-based flexible sensors, we found that the sensor developed in this work was the only one that demonstrated the ability to detect strain and pressure under water, as shown in Figure . ,,,, Furthermore, the sensor here exhibits long-term working stability over 10,000 cycles for both strain and pressure detection. As far as we know, this is the first instance of a paper-based sensor with multifunctionality and proven reliability under water (Table S1).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Comparison of multifunction, sustainability, strain durability and pressure durability under water, and WCA of paper-based superhydrophobic sensors. (AKD-coated paper, SiO 2 -coated paper, Hf-SiO 2 -coated paper, and PI tape-encapsulated paper …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46 The sensor was then attached to the human finger to detect the finger bending, and a stable output signal was recorded with response and recovery times of 0.3 and 0.32 s, respectively, comparable with the previously reported data (Figure 4b). 20 Then, the sensor was used to monitor the human wrist bending at different frequencies (Figure 4c), recording the corresponding signals with different rhythms. Subsequently, the sensor was also successfully employed to monitor the motions of the robot's elbows and shoulders as shown in Figure 4d.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the application of the encapsulating paper-based flexible sensors may be hindered by the delicate preparation process and the possible destruction of the encapsulation layers. In our previous work, 20 we used the alkyl ketene dimmer (AKD) coating method to prepare a superhydrophobic paper-based flexible sensor. Unfortunately, the working stability was limited to only around 1000 cycles, and its performance went down significantly after that.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling a Paper-Based Flexible Sensor to Work under Water with Exceptional Long-Term Durability through Biomimetic Reassembling of Nanomaterials from Natural Wood

Xiang

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Paper-based sensors have many distinguishing advantages; however, how to improve their working durability especially under water is a critical issue in many applications and unfortunately remains a huge challenge. In this work, we design and develop an innovative strategy enabling paper-based strain and pressure sensors to work under water with exceptional long-term working durability by biomimetic reassembling of nanomaterials from natural wood. A composite paper consisting of softwood fibers and 22 wt % graphite nanoplates was prepared based on a papermaking protocol. Cellulose nanofibers were added to strengthen the composite paper, and lignin nanoparticles were applied onto the paper surface via the paper coating technology to obtain its superhydrophobicity. Subsequently, the as-obtained superhydrophobic composite paper was assembled into a flexible sensor that can be used to detect strain and pressure changes both in air and under water. As the strain sensor, its gauge factor was 10.9 and 14.6 in air and under water, and the corresponding response time was 0.3 and 0.15 s, respectively. Surprisingly, an exceptional working stability was achieved even after more than 10,000 bending–unbending cycles under water. As the pressure sensor, its sensitivity (S) was 0.02 and 0.38 kPa–1 in air and under water, and the corresponding response time was 0.46 and 0.3 s, respectively. Its long-term durability can also exceed 10,000 pressing–releasing cycles. This novel strategy developed in this work can be an effective approach for biomimetic re-engineering of biomass-derived nanomaterials, aiming to develop highly stable paper-based flexible sensors that can find applications in wearable systems and underwater equipment.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling a Paper-Based Flexible Sensor to Work under Water with Exceptional Long-Term Durability through Biomimetic Reassembling of Nanomaterials from Natural Wood

Xiang

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…In our sensor, all materials including paper and ink are obtained from natural plants or/and animals. Paper and ink have huge advantages in recyclability, degradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity. − Therefore, our all-paper sensors can be degraded by burial, incineration, solution treatment, and so on. , Figure a shows the process of degradation and recycling of our paper-based sensor. The sensor can be degraded into carbon dioxide, water, and potassium carbonate by incineration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calligraphy and Kirigami/Origami-Inspired All-Paper Touch–Temperature Sensor with Stimulus Discriminability

Liu

Sun

Tong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The use of cost-effective renewable raw materials to develop electronic devices has been strongly demanded for sustainable and biodegradable green electronics. Here, by taking inspiration from the traditional calligraphy and kirigami/origami arts, we show a novel cuttable and foldable all-paper touch–temperature sensors fabricated by simply brushing the carbon black ink onto the cellulose paper followed by a layer–layer lamination strategy. The use of environmentally friendly common commodities in daily life including carbon black ink and cellulose paper as the main component materials of sensors effectively lowers the cost and has positive impacts on the environment and health. The sensors can be freely cut or folded into the targeted shapes and can even reversibly morph between 2D and 3D configurations without affecting device function. Additionally, the sensors show a discrimination capability toward pressure and temperature. Our fabrication strategy provides a promising approach for creating the low-cost eco-friendly sensors with a versatile pattern design and a morphing shape without sacrificing the global structural integrity and device functionality.

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Sensors for Water Quality Assessment in Extreme Environmental Conditions

Ganguly

2023

Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality

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Paper-based flexible strain and pressure sensor with enhanced mechanical strength and super-hydrophobicity that can work under water

Abstract: Paper-based flexible sensors have attracted much attentions due to their abundant resource, low cost and good degradability in natural environment that are free of electronic waste (e-waste). However, the mechanical...

Cited by 30 publications

References 76 publications

Enabling a Paper-Based Flexible Sensor to Work under Water with Exceptional Long-Term Durability through Biomimetic Reassembling of Nanomaterials from Natural Wood

Enabling a Paper-Based Flexible Sensor to Work under Water with Exceptional Long-Term Durability through Biomimetic Reassembling of Nanomaterials from Natural Wood

Calligraphy and Kirigami/Origami-Inspired All-Paper Touch–Temperature Sensor with Stimulus Discriminability

Sensors for Water Quality Assessment in Extreme Environmental Conditions

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