Paper-based lateral flow assay using rhodamine B–loaded polymersomes for the colorimetric determination of synthetic cannabinoids in saliva

Direct Detection of Viral Infections from Swab Samples by Probe‐Gated Silica Nanoparticle‐Based Lateral Flow Assay

“…To indicate the target analyte detectability of the NSP12gated SNPs-based LFA, the LOD was calculated as 0.73 pg • mL À 1 (Figure S reported the LOD ratios as a 69 μM, 0.63 ng • mL À 1 , and 0.53-0.31 ng • mL À 1 using fluorescence-based detection methods. [28,37,40] The LOD value of dual-mode fluorescence detection assay is not as sensitive as compared to our assay, such as Climent et al showed that the LOD value of different fluorescence sensing material loaded antibody gated silica nanoparticle is around μg • L À 1 rates in rapid period. [41] Considering the difficulty of creating a design with fluorescent particles, this result is promising in a short time like 4 minutes, but in this study, we obtained a more sensitive LOD value by using two different fluorescent sensing molecules.…”

“…For example, in other studies, the quantum dots and rhodamine detection time points in rapid assays are also reported as 15 minutes. [39,40] On the other hand, Ozalp et al reported assay time as 3-5 minutes using one single sensing material, rhodamine, which signifi-cantly reduces the detection time points. [28] Therefore, 15 minutes seems to be the optimum time point for detection using a fluorescence nanoparticle system.…”

“…these assays, the rhodamine, fluorescein, FITC, and other sensing materials have commonly been chosen as signal generator molecules and loaded into carrier molecules like mesoporous silica nanoparticles or quantum dots and then gated by single-stranded DNA probes, aptamer, or antibodies in a different field. [28,37,[39][40][41][42]44,45] Considering the chemical reactions in the field of nanomaterials, as each system has different properties within itself, studies are carried out to make life easier, especially in clinical use. The small molecule targeting used in this study has many advantages and high sensitivity, especially in the field of health.…”

Fluorescent bioassay for SARS-CoV-2 detection using polypyrene-g-poly(ε-caprolactone) prepared by simultaneous photoinduced step-growth and ring-opening polymerizations

“…The use of colorimetric materials such as dye-loaded polymersome has been shown to perform well compared with gold nanoparticles and was shown to have a high correlation with PCR data [ 19 ]. The subject of sensitivity to detect small amounts of targets remained an open door for development, and it has been shown that the employment of fluorescent molecules can enhance the optical capabilities of paper-based assays [ 22 ]. Taking advantage of these fluorescent molecules, the current study reports for the first time a novel approach for the synthesis of a fluorescent polypyrene-g-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PPy- g -PCL) prepared by simultaneous photoinduced step-growth and ROP processes for paper-based SARS-CoV-2 sensing application.…”

“…The use of fluorescent molecules as reporting agents proved to enhance the sensitivity of the paper-based biosensors [ 22 ]. However, such an approach raises a challenge in portability and POC applications due to the need for fluorescence-inducing apparatuses for signal induction.…”