Abstract:Paper-based sensors exploiting the advantages of paper can replace traditional substrate materials for building sensors which are simple to manufacture, inexpensive, easy-to-operate, portable and disposable. From clinical diagnostics and agriculture...
“…In 2007, Whitesides' group 18 developed a paper-based pointof-care testing method for detecting glucose and protein simultaneously, which was deemed a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). It takes advantage of the inherent characteristics of paper and microfluidic devices 19 and could be applicable for simultaneous detection of multiple chemical assays. 20 For instance, Zhang et al 21 developed a fluorescence dye-labeled single-stranded DNA-functionalized graphene oxide μPAD sensor for the multiplex determination of aminoglycoside antibiotic residues and other types of chemical contaminants in food.…”
Excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture
severely endangers
human health and ecosystems, which has raised significant concerns
in recent years. However, conventional laboratory-based approaches
regularly required time or skilled manpower. Herein, we propose a
point-of-care-testing (POCT) biosensor detection device for the simultaneous
determination of multiantibiotics without complex equipment or professional
operators. A laser-printed paper-based microfluidic chip loaded with
multicolor fluorescence nanoprobes (mCD-μPAD) was developed
to rapidly detect sulfamethazine (SMZ), oxytetracycline (OTC), and
chloramphenicol (CAP) on-site. These “fluorescence off”
detection probes composed of carbon dots (CDs) conjugated with aptamers
(donor) and MoS2 nanosheets (acceptor) (CD-apt-MoS2) were based on Förster resonance energy transfer.
Upon the addition of target antibiotics, the significantly recovered
fluorescence signal on the μPAD can be sensitively perceived
by employing a 3D-printed portable detection box through a smartphone.
Under optimal conditions, this μPAD allowed for a rapid response
of 15 min toward SMZ, OTC, and CAP with considerable sensitivities
of 0.47, 0.48, and 0.34 ng/mL, respectively. In shrimp samples, the
recoveries were 95.2–101.2, 96.4–105, and 96.7–106.1%
with RSD below 6%. This paper-based sensor opens an avenue for on-site,
high-throughput, and rapid detection methods and can be widely used
in POCT in food safety.
“…In 2007, Whitesides' group 18 developed a paper-based pointof-care testing method for detecting glucose and protein simultaneously, which was deemed a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). It takes advantage of the inherent characteristics of paper and microfluidic devices 19 and could be applicable for simultaneous detection of multiple chemical assays. 20 For instance, Zhang et al 21 developed a fluorescence dye-labeled single-stranded DNA-functionalized graphene oxide μPAD sensor for the multiplex determination of aminoglycoside antibiotic residues and other types of chemical contaminants in food.…”
Excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture
severely endangers
human health and ecosystems, which has raised significant concerns
in recent years. However, conventional laboratory-based approaches
regularly required time or skilled manpower. Herein, we propose a
point-of-care-testing (POCT) biosensor detection device for the simultaneous
determination of multiantibiotics without complex equipment or professional
operators. A laser-printed paper-based microfluidic chip loaded with
multicolor fluorescence nanoprobes (mCD-μPAD) was developed
to rapidly detect sulfamethazine (SMZ), oxytetracycline (OTC), and
chloramphenicol (CAP) on-site. These “fluorescence off”
detection probes composed of carbon dots (CDs) conjugated with aptamers
(donor) and MoS2 nanosheets (acceptor) (CD-apt-MoS2) were based on Förster resonance energy transfer.
Upon the addition of target antibiotics, the significantly recovered
fluorescence signal on the μPAD can be sensitively perceived
by employing a 3D-printed portable detection box through a smartphone.
Under optimal conditions, this μPAD allowed for a rapid response
of 15 min toward SMZ, OTC, and CAP with considerable sensitivities
of 0.47, 0.48, and 0.34 ng/mL, respectively. In shrimp samples, the
recoveries were 95.2–101.2, 96.4–105, and 96.7–106.1%
with RSD below 6%. This paper-based sensor opens an avenue for on-site,
high-throughput, and rapid detection methods and can be widely used
in POCT in food safety.
“…63 In addition, paper-based sensors are derived from the development of the microfluidic concept, and the microgaps between paper fibers become natural channels for capillary action to control fluids. 46,[64][65][66][67] Paper chips are cheap and widely available, and there are specific products for commercial sensors. Fabrics, sponges, and yarns, which have similar structures to paper, are considered ideal substrates because of their excellent absorbability and flexibility towards ionic fluids.…”
Wearable sensors for healthcare, as an outgrowth of prospective medical devices, have been invested with a great deal of expectations and efforts. Encouragingly, the past decades have witnessed an increased...
“…Moreover, paper is a versatile material that can be manufactured at large scale 23 ; signal visibility can be tuned by paper thickness 22 ; its white colour provides strong contrast for colorimetric platforms; and it is flexible, biocompatible and easy to transport and store. Therefore, paper-based sensors are widely used in clinical, food and environmental diagnostics 24 , 25 . Fig.…”
The detection of pathogenic bacteria is essential to prevent and treat infections and to provide food security. Current gold-standard detection techniques, such as culture-based assays and polymerase chain reaction, are time-consuming and require centralized laboratories. Therefore, efforts have focused on developing point-of-care devices that are fast, cheap, portable and do not require specialized training. Paper-based analytical devices meet these criteria and are particularly suitable to deployment in low-resource settings. In this Review, we highlight paper-based analytical devices with substantial point-of-care applicability for bacteria detection and discuss challenges and opportunities for future development.
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