PAPS—cerebroside sulphotransferase activity in brain and kidney of neurological mutants

Differential regulation of cerebroside sulfotransferase and 2′,3′‐cyclic nucleotide 3′‐phosphodiesterase by basic fibroblast growth factor in relation to proliferation in rat oligodendrocyte cultures

“…Cerebroside sulfotransferase (CST; EC 2.8.2.11) catalyses the synthesis of galactosylceramides (galactocerebrosides) to sulfogalactosylceramides (sulfatides) using 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate as sulfate donor (Balasubramanian and Bachhawat, 1965a,b). Sulfatides are enriched in myelin, and CST activity has been demonstrated both in peripheral (McKhann et al, 1965;Herschkowitz et al, 1971) and central (Balasubramanian and Bachhawat, 1965a,b;Herschkowitz et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1971) nervous systems where in vivo it increases during myelination (Kokrady et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1972). CST activity is impaired in dysmyelinating mutant mice (Herschkowitz et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1971Sarlieve et al, , 1972 and is highly enriched in oligodendrocytes (OL) com-pared to other brain cell types obtained by bulk isolation (Benjamins et al, 1974;Ferret-Sena et al, 1986).…”

“…Sulfatides are enriched in myelin, and CST activity has been demonstrated both in peripheral (McKhann et al, 1965;Herschkowitz et al, 1971) and central (Balasubramanian and Bachhawat, 1965a,b;Herschkowitz et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1971) nervous systems where in vivo it increases during myelination (Kokrady et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1972). CST activity is impaired in dysmyelinating mutant mice (Herschkowitz et al, 1971;Sarlieve et al, 1971Sarlieve et al, , 1972 and is highly enriched in oligodendrocytes (OL) com-pared to other brain cell types obtained by bulk isolation (Benjamins et al, 1974;Ferret-Sena et al, 1986). CST activity has been detected in tumoral cell lines in vitro (Sarlieve et al, 1976b) and in primary cultures of dissociated brain cells from embryonic mice where it was found to reach a peak during the period of OL development (Sarlieve et al, 1980;Fabre et al, 1985;Ferret-Sena et al, 1986.…”

Enzymatic Sulfation of Glycolipids by Human Gastric Mucosa

“…This activ ity exhibits two pH optima, one at pH 6.8 which catalyzes the sulfation of galactosylcer amide, and the other at pH 7.8 which is responsible for sulfation of triglucosyl monoalkylmonoacylglycerol. A number of properties of the human gastric mucosa sulfotransferase resulting in galactosylceramide sulfate synthesis are similar to those found for this enzyme activity in brain, kidney and gastric mucosa of rat [6,[12][13][14]. Included among these similarities are requirements for detergent, Mg2+ and F1_.…”

“…Included among these similarities are requirements for detergent, Mg2+ and F1_. However, optimal pH of human gastric enzyme for sulfation of galactosylceramide is somewhat higher than that of rat gastric enzyme [6], and is identical to that of rat brain, kidney and salivary glands [12][13][14][15]. The properties of the sulfotransferase activity of human gastric mucosa resulting in sulfated triglucosyl monoalkyl monoacylglycerol synthesis are quite similar to those reported for this enzyme in rat gas tric mucosa [7].…”

Myelin

“…There is no evidence of an altered structure of the cerebroside sulfotransferase in the jimpy according to Km, pH optimum, and heat stability, which do not differ from control (Matthieu et al, 1972). In no case could inhibition of enzyme activity be demonstrated upon joint incubation of mutant and control (Sarlieve et al, 1971;Nussbaum and Mandel, 1972).…”