Papular xanthoma in children

Disseminated asymptomatic yellowish papules on the face, trunk and limbs in a 3-year-old boy

“…[1,2] Initially, all cases of PX reported were adults and the lesions did not resolve spontaneously. In 1990, Caputo et al observed that the skin lesions in 10 children presented similar clinical and histopathologic features to those reported for adults, but with a self-healing course within 1-5 years, [3] where the healed lesions might leave transient hyperpigmentation and anetoderma-like scars. [2,3] Clinically, PX is manifested by asymptomatic, widespread yellowish 2-10 mm papulonodules on the head, face, extremities and trunk, with sparing of flexural areas, palms and soles, that do not show any tendency to merge into plaques.…”

“…In 1990, Caputo et al observed that the skin lesions in 10 children presented similar clinical and histopathologic features to those reported for adults, but with a self-healing course within 1-5 years, [3] where the healed lesions might leave transient hyperpigmentation and anetoderma-like scars. [2,3] Clinically, PX is manifested by asymptomatic, widespread yellowish 2-10 mm papulonodules on the head, face, extremities and trunk, with sparing of flexural areas, palms and soles, that do not show any tendency to merge into plaques. [1][2][3] The histological feature is a diffuse dermal infiltrate of xanthomatized histiocytes characterized by central nuclei with surrounding foamy cytoplasm with no other inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells or eosinophils.…”

“…[2,3] Clinically, PX is manifested by asymptomatic, widespread yellowish 2-10 mm papulonodules on the head, face, extremities and trunk, with sparing of flexural areas, palms and soles, that do not show any tendency to merge into plaques. [1][2][3] The histological feature is a diffuse dermal infiltrate of xanthomatized histiocytes characterized by central nuclei with surrounding foamy cytoplasm with no other inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells or eosinophils.…”

Plaque‐like papular xanthoma: a new variant of non‐Langerhans cell disease

“…No systemic involvement or lipid abnormalities seem to accompany PX. PX can occur both in adults 3,5 and children, 6 the former being persistent as opposed to the latter, where self-healing seems to be the rule. PPX 4 was reported as a solitary, red-yellow plaque, exhibiting a superficial dermal infiltrate of foamy macrophages and numerous Touton cells.…”

“…She has now been followed up for 3 years and no blood cell dyscrasia has been found. PX 3,5,6,7,8 is a rare n-LCD, affecting the skin and eventually the oral mucosa, as an eruption of 2-15 mm papulonodular lesions occurring on the trunk, face and scalp with no tendency to coalesce or form plaques. Histopathology demonstrates a monomorphous infiltrate of foamy macrophages and scarce Touton cells, with scant to absent inflammatory infiltrate.…”