Paracetamol: A Focus on Dogs

Fadel, Charbel; Sartini, Irene; Giorgi, Mario

doi:10.3844/ajavsp.2021.247.262

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…COX‐1 is present in many tissues constitutively and has several protective physiological functions, including gastric cytoprotection, and regulation of both renal blood flow and platelet activity. Differently, COX‐2 is mainly induced locally and for restricted periods and is primarily responsible for inflammation and pain (Fadel et al, 2021 ; Pairet & Engelhardt, 1996 ). Therefore, NSAIDs that inhibit COX‐2 but spare COX‐1 were designed to have improved safety margins (Flower, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Robenacoxib pharmacokinetics in sheep following oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous administration

Fadel

Łebkowska‐Wieruszewska

Sartini

et al. 2022

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Changing moral and ethical considerations have led to societal demands for better agricultural practices and enhanced wellbeing for food producing animals all around the world. In this perspective, proper pain management is a critical component of promoting farm animal welfare. Pain alters behavior, autonomic, and neuroendocrine function. It causes a depressed mood and is a common cause of animal welfare violations (Steagall et al., 2021). In farm animals, chronic pain, for example, was shown to reduce food consumption and average daily weight gain, raises heart rate and blood pressure, and lowers body temperature (Stewart et al., 2010).Sheep are subjected to various husbandry operations such as castration, vasectomy, and tail docking, and are prone to developing painful pathologies such as lameness, mastitis, vaginal prolapse, and penis deviation. Moreover, sheep are also widely employed as an experimental animal model for particularly invasive surgeries (Coulter et al., 2009), for educational purposes, and biological research (Lizarraga & Chambers, 2012).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differently, COX-2 is mainly induced locally and for restricted periods and is primarily responsible for inflammation and pain (Fadel et al, 2021;Pairet & Engelhardt, 1996). Therefore, NSAIDs that inhibit COX-2 but spare COX-1 were designed to have improved safety margins (Flower, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Robenacoxib pharmacokinetics in sheep following oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous administration

Fadel

Łebkowska‐Wieruszewska

Sartini

et al. 2022

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…In accordance with this, gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects were the most common side effects reported in this study. Respiratory distress, tachypnoea, cyanosis, anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, depression, hypothermia, weakness, oedema, facial swelling, hepatotoxicosis, abdominal discomfort and death are also mentioned in the literature following drug overdosage (Fadel et al., 2021 ; Nelson, 2019 ). Other potential side effects mentioned by the surveyed veterinarians included sedation, dysphoria, hypersalivation, constipation and polydipsia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the most commonly used drugs in human medicine (Moore & Moore, 2016 ). It has a unique pharmacological profile that conveys potent analgesic and antipyretic effects with little or no anti‐inflammatory activity (Freo et al., 2021 ); the latter distinguishing it from non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Fadel et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perceptions and use of paracetamol in dogs among veterinary surgeons working in the United Kingdom

Bello

Dye

2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is recommended as a first-line drug in the management of pain and pyrexia in humans due to its minor gastrointestinal, renal and vascular side effects. Objectives:To explore the perceptions and use of paracetamol in dogs by UK veterinarians.Methods: Veterinarians were invited to complete an online survey. Questions addressed career history, previous use, and personal perceptions of the use of paracetamol in dogs.Results: A total of 450 veterinarians were included in the survey; 96% (n = 431) of whom worked in small animal practice only. The majority reported a frequency of use of 1-3 times a week (n = 197), with oral dosing being the most common route of administration (n = 440). Only 8 had never prescribed paracetamol. Paracetamol was more commonly used to provide analgesia (n = 431) than for the treatment of pyrexia (n = 292) and was predominantly used as an alternative to NSAIDs (n = 408) or as part of multimodal analgesia (n = 406). Hepatotoxic (n = 311) and gastrointestinal (n = 120) side effects were a common concern, although the majority perceived a low risk of side effects and felt they were likely to be mild if they did occur (n = 279). Only 5% (n = 24) of respondents reported having experienced side effects, with gastrointestinal signs (n = 14) and hepatotoxicity (n = 6) being the most common. Conclusions:Paracetamol is widely used by veterinarians working in the UK. Most veterinarians have changed their perception on the use of paracetamol over the last decade and consider it to be associated with fewer side effects and with more effective analgesic and antipyretic effects than they had previously believed.

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“…Adverse effects of paracetamol are rare, but toxicity has been reported when using high doses above 100 mg/kg. Possible side effects include anorexia, abdominal discomfort, vomiting, icterus, facial swelling, respiratory distress and lethargy (Omer and Mohammad, 1984;Salem et al, 2010;Fadel et al, 2021), whereas potential side effects of NSAIDs include gastrointestinal ulcerations, renal and hepatic toxicity and coagulation disorders (Lascelles et al, 2005). Several research groups have already studied the postoperative analgesic efficacy of paracetamol combined with NSAIDs in intervertebral disc disease and orthopedic surgeries in humans (Ong et al, 2010;Thybo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracetamol add-on treatment for perioperative pain management in dogs undergoing single-site thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy: a prospective clinical study

Burger,

Bosmans,

Bhatti

et al. 2023

Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift

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In this prospective, double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial, it was evaluated whether paracetamol, as an adjunct to NSAID and opioid analgesia, might limit the requirements for intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative methadone administration in dogs undergoing a singlesite thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy for surgical treatment of an intervertebral disc extrusion. Twelve client-owned dogs were randomly assigned to two multimodal analgesia groups: NSAID + paracetamol group (group NP) and NSAID + placebo group (group N). Intraoperative analgesic assessment was based on the clinical evaluation of a nociceptive response, whereas postoperative analgesic assessment was determined by using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale. No statistically significant difference was found in both groups for the intraoperative need for fentanyl (P = 0.18). The probability of having to administer rescue analgesia postoperatively was significantly higher in group N than in group NP (P = 0.01). For both groups, there were no serious side effects reported, nor was any significant difference found between both groups regarding the occurrence of side effects (P = 0.55). Despite multimodal perioperative pain management consisting of a full μ-agonist opioid, a NSAID and paracetamol, intraoperative rescue analgesia was still required, although the need for postoperative opioid based analgesia was significantly lower in group NP.

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Paracetamol: A Focus on Dogs

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Robenacoxib pharmacokinetics in sheep following oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous administration

Robenacoxib pharmacokinetics in sheep following oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous administration

Current perceptions and use of paracetamol in dogs among veterinary surgeons working in the United Kingdom

Paracetamol add-on treatment for perioperative pain management in dogs undergoing single-site thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy: a prospective clinical study

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