Paradigm lost: Industrial and post-industrial Detroit – An analysis of the street network and its social and economic dimensions from 1796 to the present

Psarra, Sophia; Kickert, Conrad; Pluviano, Amanda

doi:10.1057/udi.2013.4

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, some research has elucidated strong links between social phenomena and the built environment. The causes of urban development, social segregation and ghettoes and the crystallization of pockets of poverty or crime in cities have been analysed in terms of spatial configuration (Hillier 1988;Vaughan 2005;Nubani and Wineman 2005;Vaughan 2007;Marcus 2007;Hillier and Sahbaz 2009;Psarra, Kickert, and Pluviano 2013). Similarly, space syntax is inherently connected with culture, art, phenomenology and narrative (Seamon 2007;Psarra 2009Psarra , 2018, as well as tourism and sightseeing (Li et al 2016).…”

Section: Space Syntax Theoretical and Methodological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona

Clúa

Llorca-Bofí

Psarra

2020

Journal of Urban Design

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The practice of busking and street music performance is becoming key to the identity of cities. However, although the spatial configuration and acoustics of historic city centres are interrelated, few rigorous studies have been undertaken on this area. The paper presents the results of a quantitative and comparative analysis of the space syntax configuration and on-site sound recordings in four main open environments within the inner core of Barcelona. The aim of this work is to highlight the conflict points between outdoor acoustics and movement flows in order to inform future designs and management of those public spaces.

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Section: Space Syntax Theoretical and Methodological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona

Clúa

Llorca-Bofí

Psarra

2020

Journal of Urban Design

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“…These approaches facilitate understanding of the role of public and private space and how they are connected into urban spatial networks, and can provide cross-disciplinary opportunities for comparative analyses. While scholars of Mesoamerica have been exploring the uses of space syntax in urban contexts for some time (e.g., Morton et al 2012;Robb 2007), historical archaeologists have yet to fully engage this analytical tool and could profitably build on the extensive work undertaken on modern cities by urban planners and human geographers (e.g., Psarra and Kickert 2012;Hillier 2005).…”

Section: Function and Meaning Of Urban Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging prehistory and history in the archaeology of cities

Carballo¹,

Fortenberry²

2015

J. Field Archaeol.

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Archaeology is ideally suited for examining the deep roots of urbanism, its materialization and physicality, and the commonalities and variability in urban experiences cross-culturally and temporally. We propose that the significant advances archaeologists have made in situating the discipline within broader urban studies could be furthered through increased dialog between scholars working on urbanism during prehistoric and historical periods, as a means of bridging concerns in the study of the past and present. We review some major themes in urban studies by presenting archaeological cases from two areas of the Americas: central Mexico and Atlantic North America. Our cases span premodern and early modern periods, and three of the four covered in greatest depth live on as cities of today. Comparison of the cases highlights the complementarity of their primary datasets: the long developmental trajectories and relatively intact urban plans offered by many prehistoric cities, and the rich documentary sources offered by historic cities.

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“…Yet the availability of a controlled agglomeration format has also driven many retailers to shopping malls and strips outside of the urban core (Guy, 1994;Teller, 2008). Over the previous decades, retailers have increasingly withdrawn from central streets in many Western cities to decentralised shopping facilities because of the suburbanisation of wealth, the growth of motorised transportation, and perceived and actual social issues in urban cores, especially in the USA (Davis, 1966;Fogelson, 2001;Lesger, 2013;Psarra et al, 2013). Furthermore, the retail market as a whole has consolidated from independent outlets into chains of fewer, larger establishments to benefit from economies of scale, especially in the food sector (Davis, 1966;Longstreth, 2000Longstreth, , 2010Nijs and Knoester, 2007;Rutte, 1998;Smith and Hay, 2005;Wrigley and Lowe, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical mass matters: The long-term benefits of retail agglomeration for establishment survival in downtown Detroit and The Hague

Kickert

Hofe

2017

Urban Studies

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This paper explores the long-term sensitivity of street-level retailers to agglomeration to corroborate its theorised benefits under current economic modelling. It does so by studying the annualised chance of closure of retailers as a function of the number of surrounding retailers, as well as how different types of retailers respond differently to agglomeration. A time fixed effect model is used to study the mortality rate of retailers over the period of a century. The study draws from a self-created database of retail establishment locations and types in Detroit, Michigan and The Hague, Netherlands between 1911 and 2011. The case study cities have been selected for their combination of similarities and differences. While downtown Detroit is infamous for its high vacancy and The Hague has been praised as a vibrant Dutch urban core, both cities have in fact suffered significant loss of retail activity over the past century, allowing for the study of retail closure under different socio-economic and cultural circumstances. The study demonstrates a significant sensitivity of retailers to agglomeration in both cities. The study also indicates a specifically high sensitivity to agglomeration in the case of comparison shops. Without a critical mass of peers, these retailers will face a significantly higher than average chance of closure. The sensitivity to agglomeration is remarkably similar between both case studies, urban cores which at first sight have experienced rather different fates over the past century. This cross-cultural similarity may point to a generalisability of the underlying mechanism of sensitivity to agglomeration.

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Paradigm lost: Industrial and post-industrial Detroit – An analysis of the street network and its social and economic dimensions from 1796 to the present

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona

Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona

Bridging prehistory and history in the archaeology of cities

Critical mass matters: The long-term benefits of retail agglomeration for establishment survival in downtown Detroit and The Hague

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