Paradox of international maritime organization's carbon intensity indicator

Wang, Shuaian; Psaraftis, Harilaos N.; Qi, Jingwen

doi:10.1016/j.commtr.2021.100005

Cited by 70 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Russo et al presented a methodological framework for estimating emissions from tourism activities, with the framework developed specifically for the case study of Portugal [43]. A paper by Wang et al [44] discussed the carbon intensity indicator adopted by the IMO in 2021, emphasizing its shortcomings and proposing the development of more advanced models. Skrúcaný et al provided a comparative analysis of the energy consumption and GHG emissions from the road, railway, and maritime transportation modes [45].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emphasis on Occupancy Rates in Carbon Emission Comparison for Maritime and Road Passenger Transportation Modes

Dujmović

Krljan

Lopac

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Carbon emissions generated by the transportation sector represent a large part of total greenhouse gas emissions and are thus subject to various policies and initiatives for emission reduction and the development of sustainable transportation networks. Furthermore, passenger transportation generates a significant amount of emissions within this sector, especially in those countries with large and developed tourist sectors. Examples of such countries are Italy and Croatia, located in the Adriatic region, with a large portion of passengers between them being transported utilizing mainly maritime and/or road transportation modes. A proper analysis of the impact of these transportation mode choices on carbon emissions is essential to enable the selection of the optimal transportation mode for the particular transportation route with respect to the generated emissions. Therefore, this study determines the carbon emissions of the maritime and/or road transportation modes on the existing cross-border passenger transportation routes between Italy and Croatia. For the analysis, the Adriatic region was divided into three sections—the Northern, Middle, and Southern regions—each characterized by specific transportation routes defined by geographical features and distances. The results obtained from this research are presented as total carbon emissions for each transportation mode separately, based on each of three chosen routes in different regions. In addition, a carbon emission comparison between each transportation mode in regard to occupancy rate is performed and presented separately for each chosen route based on its specific distances, transportation means, and features. Finally, by providing an analysis of the existing state, this study can serve as a basis for Italy–Croatia cross-border passenger mobility network modernization and the introduction of new, sustainable, and multimodal transportation routes.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emphasis on Occupancy Rates in Carbon Emission Comparison for Maritime and Road Passenger Transportation Modes

Dujmović

Krljan

Lopac

et al. 2022

JMSE

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“…Ref. [22] developed a conceptual model and realistic recommendations for the integrated management of all infrastructures, including computers, networks, storage, and cooling systems [93][94][95][96][97][98][99]. They also proposed a range of potential research directions and suggested more practical improvements in this field .…”

Section: Evolution Of Energy Efficiency Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the paper, the authors [93] highlight the critical issues related to reducing carbon emission from ships. In this paper, the main focus was bulti on managing the critical measure, the carbon intensity indicator (CII), and the carbon emissions per unit of transport work for each ship.…”

Section: Related Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Survey on Energy-Efficient Techniques in Sustainable Cloud Computing

et al. 2022

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Global warming is one of the most compelling environmental threats today, as the rise in energy consumption and CO2 emission caused a dreadful impact on our environment. The data centers, computing devices, network equipment, etc., consume vast amounts of energy that the thermal power plants mainly generate. Primarily fossil fuels like coal and oils are used for energy generation in these power plants that induce various environmental problems such as global warming ozone layer depletion, which can even become the cause of premature deaths of living beings. The recent research trend has shifted towards optimizing energy consumption and green fields since the world recognized the importance of these concepts. This paper aims to conduct a complete systematic mapping analysis on the impact of high energy consumption in cloud data centers and its effect on the environment. To answer the research questions identified in this paper, one hundred nineteen primary studies published until February 2022 were considered and further categorized. Some new developments in green cloud computing and the taxonomy of various energy efficiency techniques used in data centers have also been discussed. It includes techniques like VM Virtualization and Consolidation, Power-aware, Bio-inspired methods, Thermal-management techniques, and an effort to evaluate the cloud data center’s role in reducing energy consumption and CO2 footprints. Most of the researchers proposed software level techniques as with these techniques, massive infrastructures are not required as compared with hardware techniques, and it is less prone to failure and faults. Also, we disclose some dominant problems and provide suggestions for future enhancements in green computing.

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“…Shipping is the backbone of international trade. Due to the gradual increase in maritime cargo volume, exhaust fumes from the maritime industry have become a common societal concern (UNCTAD, 2019; Wang, Psaraftis, & Qi, 2021b; Xu, Wang, et al, 2021b) and one of the major challenges faced by the industry (Bell & Meng, 2016). The Fourth International Maritime Organization Greenhouse Gas Study (Faber et al, 2020) indicates that the maritime industry is responsible for 15%, 13%, and 2.89% of the global anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO X ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal subsidy design for shore power usage in ship berthing operations

Wang

Laporte

2021

Naval Research Logistics

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Maritime transportation is the backbone of international trade but ships emit a large amount of air pollutants at ports. To encourage ships to use clean energy while berthing at port, subsidies are provided to ship operators that use clean energy and the subsidy amount is generally determined based on subjective judgment. We, therefore, examine the optimal subsidy design for government-operated ports, aiming at balancing the environmental benefits and subsidy expenses. Considering the uncertainty of energy requirements by ships, we build a stochastic optimization model. Taking advantage of the problem structure, we convert the model into a deterministic one by applying sample average approximation and a binomial distribution. The model is then linearized and solved by CPLEX. A series of numerical experiments with realistic parameters are conducted to validate the model and useful managerial insights are obtained.

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Paradox of international maritime organization's carbon intensity indicator

Cited by 70 publications

References 5 publications

Emphasis on Occupancy Rates in Carbon Emission Comparison for Maritime and Road Passenger Transportation Modes

Emphasis on Occupancy Rates in Carbon Emission Comparison for Maritime and Road Passenger Transportation Modes

A Systematic Survey on Energy-Efficient Techniques in Sustainable Cloud Computing

Optimal subsidy design for shore power usage in ship berthing operations

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