Paradoxes of the Gray Zone

Brands, Hal

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2737593

Cited by 78 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In these proxy wars, it is difficult to know who is making decisions and for what reasons and this ambiguity breeds distrust in all parties. In a related development, recent years witnessed heightened recourse to nonviolent forms of coercion, whether in the form of people power strategies or the use of irregular and hybrid war tools that may feature nonviolent uses of covert and illegal tools of influence and aggression (Brands, ; Wells, ; Wilkenfeld et al., ) .…”

Section: Conflict and Social Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Resilience and Social Cohesion in Conflict

Aall

Crocker

2019

Global Policy

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Examinations of the effectiveness of diplomacy in conflict resolution generally focus on official political institutions and the roles that they play. This article takes a different tack and focuses on the social institutions and groups that exist in and are affected by a conflict environment. This article argues that conflict resilience— which we define here as the ability to resist and recover from conflict — and its ability to contribute to social cohesion are key dimensions of the ability to manage conflict in the types of conflicts that are prevalent in the world today. We examine several different definitions and examples of conflict resilience, and identify actions that outside actors can take to support resilient institutions and groups, particularly in the areas of supporting effective domestic institutions, promoting inclusion and encouraging good leadership.

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Section: Conflict and Social Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Resilience and Social Cohesion in Conflict

Aall

Crocker

2019

Global Policy

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“…Por ejemplo, el envío de «voluntarios» o de fuerzas militares con nacionalidad oculta en una situación prebélica o directamente de conflicto armado: desde los famosos «hombrecillos verdes» que ocuparon Crimea en febrero de 2014 a los pilotos rusos en la guerra de desgaste entre egipcios e israelíes en 1971 o en la de Corea en 1951 (Altman, 2016). Ese carácter fundamentalmente no violento del conflicto -salvo episodios puntuales y muy limitados-suele ser intencionado por parte de quienes lo libran y, en especial, de quien lo instiga (Brands, 2016). Se procura no cruzar líneas rojas que desemboquen en una contienda militar con costes altamente elevados y consecuencias imprevisibles (Mazarr, 2015: 58).…”

Section: Elementos Definitorios Del Conflicto En La Zona Grisunclassified

“…Ese gradualismo es una adaptación táctica que pretende evitar respuestas contundentes al tiempo que va modificando la situación estratégica por suma de efectos (Mazarr, 2015: 38;Echevarría, 2016: 11). El gradualismo refuerza la ambigüedad, pues la gravedad última y la interrelación de las distintas acciones no siempre resulta obvia a los decisores políticos del rival, a sus aliados y a sus respectivas opiniones públicas (Schadlow, 2014;Mazarr, 2015: 104;Brands, 2016).…”

Section: Elementos Definitorios Del Conflicto En La Zona Grisunclassified

El conflicto internacional en la zona gris: una propuesta teórica desde la perspectiva del realismo ofensivo

Jordán

2018

Rev. Esp. Cienc. Polít.

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Este artículo ofrece una teorización del conflicto internacional en la zona gris, un término reciente en la literatura de estudios estratégicos. Para ello se delimita el concepto, identificando sus rasgos definitorios a partir de una revisión de la literatura existente. En segundo lugar, se enmarca el conflicto en la zona gris en la teoría del realismo ofensivo de John Mearsheimer, que estudia la política conflictiva entre grandes potencias y las estrategias utilizadas para incrementar el poder relativo. En tercer lugar, se identifican las líneas de acción estratégica desarrolladas en la zona gris, analizando sus pros y contras. Este tercer objetivo complementa y amplía la propuesta teórica de Mearsheimer, que explica el origen de la rivalidad entre grandes potencias, pero presta menos atención a cómo se desarrolla. De esta forma, el concepto de zona gris halla acomodo en la teoría realista de la política internacional y al mismo tiempo la enriquece.

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“…During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the U.S engaged in numerous "gray zone approaches" to fight proxy wars against one another, but most importantly, neither country went to war with one another. 35 In a bipolar order, there was no hegemon with a perceived control on the world narrative. Competing interests led the United States and Soviet Union to engage in 'gray' hostile activities to defend their narratives, rationalized through ideological lenses, and dogmatic understandings of their role in the world.…”

Section: Defining the Gray Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Shades of Gray Deterrence: Issues of Fighting in the Gray Zone

Matisek¹

2017

JSS

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This article addresses the concept of 'gray wars' as it relates to contemporary conflicts and the limits of American conventional deterrence and compellence. It more clearly defines the concept of gray wars for the current era and contrasts Cold War versus post-Cold War gray zone conflicts exposing the limits of current approaches. Finally, the article advocates for a new concept -"gray deterrence" -identifying strategies that can be used by the United States to confront 'gray' actors in a way that adheres to international laws and norms, but seeks to shape and influence the cost-benefit analysis of 'gray' actor behavior.

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Paradoxes of the Gray Zone

Cited by 78 publications

References 3 publications

Building Resilience and Social Cohesion in Conflict

Building Resilience and Social Cohesion in Conflict

El conflicto internacional en la zona gris: una propuesta teórica desde la perspectiva del realismo ofensivo

Shades of Gray Deterrence: Issues of Fighting in the Gray Zone

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