Paradoxical effects of cytokines in tumor immune surveillance and tumor immune escape

Salazar‐Onfray, Flavio; López, Mercedes; Mendoza-Naranjo, Ariadna

doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.01.015

Cited by 171 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Inflammation results in the release of both proinflammatory and inhibitory immunologic mediators. Interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-β are the most important inhibitory cytokines, which can cause depressed lymphocyte function and reduced circulating lymphocyte count 27 . Lymphocytopenia is associated with other gastrointestinal malignancies, including colorectal and gastric cancer 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several reports have indicated that the state of the Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIR) provides significant information about the prognoses of a variety of cancers [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which reflects SIR, has been reported as a prognostic factor in gastrointestinal cancers, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 19 and colorectal cancer 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new prognostic scoring system using factors available preoperatively to predict survival after operative resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Saito

Noji

Okamura

et al. 2016

Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new prognostic scoring system using factors available preoperatively to predict survival after operative resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Saito

Noji

Okamura

et al. 2016

Surgery

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“…These result in significant immunosuppressive effect with consequent impaired lymphocyte function [4]. Pancreatic cancer cells directly secrete these two (IL-10 & TGFβ) inhibitory cytokines [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Role of Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio(PLR) in Pancreatic Head Masses

Miglani¹,

Bhateja

Bhat

et al. 2012

Indian J Surg

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Masses in and around pancreas constitute an important clinical entity in gastrointestinal surgical practice. Most common being adenocarcinoma of head of pancreas followed by inflammatory masses due to chronic pancreatitis. Accurate diagnosis is of central importance as therapeutic strategies range from observation to complete surgical removal including total pancreatectomy.Several tumor markers are available which could help in prognostication and diagnosis of carcinoma pancreas. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9) is traditionally accepted best marker available. The role of new tumor marker platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been defined recently in prognostication of carcinoma pancreas. Role of PLR in diagnosing and its efficacy after combining it with CA 19-9 is not known. The aim of study was to assess the demographics of histologically proven neoplastic and inflammatory pancreatic head masses in our department. To assess the role of CA19-9 and platelet lymphocyte ratio(PLR) in determining nature of pancreatic head mass. Data consisted of histologically proven 45 patients .23 having head mass due to chronic pancreatitis and 22 because of neoplastic lesions. Demographics in terms of age, sex, previous pain episodes, presence of jaundice, history of alcohol intake were compared in both groups. Also tumor markers CA 19-9 and PLR individually and in combination were compared in both groups. Cancer pancreas significantly (p<0.001) occurred in older age group, was significantly associated with jaundice (p00.005) and weight loss (p<0.001). Accuracy in diagnosis of cancer pancreas was similar with CA 19-9 and PLR (68.89 %), where as combining CA 19-9 with PLR showed increased sensitivity(81.82 %) and accuracy(71.11 %) in diagnosing cancer pancreas. Other combinations showed no advantage. PLR is at least as good as CA 19-9 as diagnostic marker to differentiate between malignant and inflammatory head mass of pancreas.

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“…These inhibitory immunological mediators may exert an immunosuppressive effect with an impaired lymphocyte function (31).…”

Section: Stage IV ---------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of pre-operative neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and platelet lymphocyte ratio as prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the independent prognostic values of the pre-operative neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study retrospectively analyzed the data of 216 patients with CRC from a single hospital. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were compared and prognostic factors were evaluated. NLR and PLR were associated with tumor differentiation status and the tumor diameter, respectively, and PLR was also associated with the primary tumor classification (T classification). Furthermore, NLR and PLR were positively associated with each other (R 2 =0.5368; P<0.0001). Univariate analyses indicated that stage II and III patients with a high NLR (≥4.98; P<0.001) or PLR (≥246.36; P<0.001) possessed a significantly poorer 5-year OS rate compared with those with a low NLR or PLR. Post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy improved the 5-year OS rate in patients with a high NLR or PLR. Multivariate analyses indicated that NLR and PLR were independent prognostic factors [NLR, relative risk (RR)=4.074 and P<0.001; PLR, RR=2.029 and P=0.029] in patients with CRC, and were associated with the T classification, lymph node metastasis and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy response of patients. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.748 for NLR (95% CI, 0.684-0.804; P<0.0001) and 0.690 for PLR (95% CI, 0.623-0.751; P<0.0001). The RR and AUC indicated that NLR was the superior predictive factor in patients with CRC. In conclusion, the pre-operative NLR and PLR were significant independent prognostic factors in patients with CRC, and NLR was more effective as a prognostic marker compared with PLR. Adjuvant chemotherapy appeared to be more effective in CRC patients with a higher NLR or PLR.

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Paradoxical effects of cytokines in tumor immune surveillance and tumor immune escape

Cited by 171 publications

References 98 publications

A new prognostic scoring system using factors available preoperatively to predict survival after operative resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

A new prognostic scoring system using factors available preoperatively to predict survival after operative resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Diagnostic Role of Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio(PLR) in Pancreatic Head Masses

Clinical significance of pre-operative neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and platelet lymphocyte ratio as prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer

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