Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus Infection in Hamsters: Virologic, Serologic, and Pathologic Studies

Buthala, D. A.; Soret, M. G.

doi:10.1093/infdis/114.3.226

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Several rodent species such as cotton rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs have been used as in vivo models of hPIV infections (8,9,37,41); but they develop no clinical signs. A mouse model is also best suited for initial studies of novel inhibitors that require extensive animal resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our subsequent studies with mice and a recombinant Sendai virus (rSeV) whose HN gene was replaced with that of hPIV-1 [rSeV(hPIV-1HN)] confirmed the high levels of inhibitory activity of BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 (1)(2)(3)(4). The mouse model of chimeric virus infection was developed to test the activities of HN inhibitors because hPIVs do not effectively infect small laboratory animals and produce no clinical symptoms (8,35,41). As the background virus (SeV) is a natural mouse pathogen (7,38) (and is also genetically close to hPIVs), the infection of mice with rSeV(hPIV-1HN) causes severe illness and eventually causes death because of the rapid replication of the chimeric virus in the lungs.…”

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confidence: 88%

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Effect of Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Inhibitors BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 on Growth and Pathogenicity of Sendai/Human Parainfluenza Type 3 Chimera Virus in Mice

Watanabe¹,

Mishin²,

Brown³

et al. 2009

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Inhibitors BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 on Growth and Pathogenicity of Sendai/Human Parainfluenza Type 3 Chimera Virus in Mice

Watanabe¹,

Mishin²,

Brown³

et al. 2009

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…A follow up study reported testing different strains of SARS-CoV in golden Syrian hamsters and found differences in virulence between SARS-CoV strains; lethality was reported in hamsters challenged with the Frk-1 strain, which differed from the non-lethal Urbani strain by the L1148F mutation in the S2 19 . Hamsters are permissive for infection by other respiratory viruses including human metapneumovirus 22 , human parainfluenza virus 3 23 and influenza A virus and may support influenza transmission by contact or airborne routes 24,25 . Alignment of the ACE2 protein of human, macaque, mice, and hamster suggest that the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 may interact more efficiently with hamster ACE2 than murine ACE2 (Extended Data Fig.…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Transmission Of Sars-cov-2 In Golden Hamstersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters

Sia

Yan

Chin

et al. 2020

Nature

1,348

158

1,455

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SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus with high nucleotide identity to SARS-CoV and SARS-related coronaviruses detected in horseshoe bats, has spread across the world and impacted global healthcare systems and economy 1,2 . A suitable small animal model is needed to support vaccine and therapy development. We report the pathogenesis and transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated viral antigens in nasal mucosa, bronchial epithelial cells, and in areas of lung consolidation on days 2 and 5 post-inoculation (dpi), followed by rapid viral clearance and pneumocyte hyperplasia on 7 dpi. Viral antigen was also found in the duodenum epithelial cells with viral RNA detected in feces. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 transmitted efficiently from inoculated hamsters to naïve hamsters by direct contact and via aerosols. Transmission via fomites in soiled cages was less efficient. Although viral RNA was continuously detected in the nasal washes of inoculated hamsters for 14 days, the communicable period was short and correlated with the detection of infectious virus but not viral RNA. Inoculated and naturally-infected hamsters showed apparent weight loss, and all animals recovered with the detection of neutralizing antibodies. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection in golden Syrian hamsters resemble features found in humans with mild infections.SARS-CoV-2 was first detected from a cluster of pneumonia patients in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. Although 55% of the initial cases were linked to one seafood wholesale market where wild animals were also sold 3 , multiple viral (sustained human-to-human transmissibility by symptomatic and pre-symptomatic patients 4 ) and ecological factors (extensive domestic and international travel during Chinese Lunar New Year) have contributed to the rapid global spread of the virus. The clinical spectrum of patients with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is wide, 19% of 72,314 symptomatic patients in China progressed to severe and critical illness 5 with an estimated 1.4% symptomatic case fatality risk 6 . There is no approved vaccine or treatment against SARS-CoV-2, and the available interventions including country lock-down and social distancing have severely disrupted the global supply chain and economy.A suitable animal model is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease and for evaluating vaccine and therapeutic candidates. Previous animal studies on SARS-CoV suggested the importance of the interaction between the viral spike protein and the host angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors 7-10 as well as age and innate immune status of the animals 11-14 in pathogenesis. As with SARS-CoV, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 also utilizes ACE2 receptors that are distributed predominantly in the epithelial cells of the lungs and small intestine to gain entry into epithelial cells for viral replication 1,15 . SARS-CoV-2 showed good binding for human ACE2 but limited binding to murine ACE2 1 , which has limited...

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“…A follow up study reported testing different strains of SARS-CoV in golden Syrian hamsters and found differences in virulence between SARS-CoV strains; lethality was reported in 3 out of 20 hamsters challenged with the Frk-1 strain which differed from the non-lethal Urbani strain by the L1148F mutation in the S2 domain 17 . Hamsters are permissive for infection by other respiratory viruses including human metapneumovirus 20 , human parainfluenza virus 3 21 and influenza A virus and may support influenza transmission by contact or airborne transmission routes 22,23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in golden Syrian hamsters

Sia

Yan

Chin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus with high nucleotide identity to SARS-CoV and SARS-related coronaviruses detected in horseshoe bats is spreading across the world and impacting the healthcare systems and global economy1,2. A suitable small animal model is urgently needed to support the development of vaccines and antiviral treatments against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We report the pathogenesis and transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2 in the golden Syrian hamster model. The SARS-CoV-2 virus replicated in the epithelial cells of respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated viral antigens in the areas of lung consolidation on day 2 and 5 post- inoculation, followed by rapid viral clearance and tissue repairing on day 7. Viral antigen was also detected in the epithelial cells of duodenum without apparent inflammatory response on day 2. Notably, we observed that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted efficiently from the inoculated hamsters to co-housed naïve contact hamsters. The inoculated hamsters and naturally-infected hamsters lost greater than 10% of the body weight, and all animals recovered with the detection of neutralizing antibodies within 14 days. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection in golden Syrian hamsters resemble features found in human patients with mild infections.Authors Sin Fun Sia, Li-Meng Yan, and Alex WH Chin contributed equally to this work.

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Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus Infection in Hamsters: Virologic, Serologic, and Pathologic Studies

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Inhibitors BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 on Growth and Pathogenicity of Sendai/Human Parainfluenza Type 3 Chimera Virus in Mice

Effect of Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Inhibitors BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 on Growth and Pathogenicity of Sendai/Human Parainfluenza Type 3 Chimera Virus in Mice

Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters

Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in golden Syrian hamsters

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