Parakeratosis of the Tongue — a Unique Histopathologic Lesion in the Zinc-Deficient Squirrel Monkey

Barney, G. H.; Macapinlac, M. P.; Pearson, William N.; Darby, William J.

doi:10.1093/jn/93.4.511

Cited by 28 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This element has been found to be an integral part of several metalloenzymes, including carbonic anhydrase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and carboxypeptidase [34]; zinc is also required for metabolism of nucleic acids and synthesis of protein [20,31,37,38,51]. Since 1934 when zinc deficiency was first described in animals [49], and particularly since 1955 when zinc deficiency was reported to be responsible for parakeratosis in pigs [50], the effects of zinc deficiency have been described in a number of different animal species [1,6,21,30,32]. Anorexia and poor growth are prominent features of zinc deficiency in young animals [26,31,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Levels of Zinc in Hair, Anorexia, Poor Growth, and Hypogeusia in Children

Km¹,

Hambidge²,

Jacobs³

et al. 1972

Pediatr Res

579

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ExtractConcentrations of zinc in hair were determined for 338 apparently normal subjects living in Denver with ages ranging from 0-40 years. Mean concentrations of zinc in hair were: neonates (25) 174 db 8 (1 SEM); 3 months^-years (93) 88 ± 5; 4-17 years (132) 153 ± 5, and 17^0 years (88) 180 ±4. Ten children more than 4 years of age had levels of zinc in hair of less than 70 ppm. Seven of these ten children had a history of poor appetite and eight had heights on or below the 10th percentile; the high incidence of low growth percentiles was not explicable on a familial basis. Taste acuity was tested in six of these children, and five had evidence of obj ective hypogeusia. After supplementing the diet with small quantities of zinc, taste acuity was normalized in each of these children and levels of zinc in hair increased. Speculation

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Levels of Zinc in Hair, Anorexia, Poor Growth, and Hypogeusia in Children

Km¹,

Hambidge²,

Jacobs³

et al. 1972

Pediatr Res

579

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Zinc is necessary for cell growth and multiplication both because it is a component of metalloenzymes, which are important for the maturation of the metabolically active prickle cells as well as for the karyolysis which preceeds the formation of the stratum corneum, and because of its role in protein metabolism. Lingual lesions in birds have not been recorded previously although they are the predominant abnormality in the squirrel monkey (Barney et al, 1967) and affect the sheep (Mann, Fell and Dalgarno, 1974) and occasionally the rat (Follis et al, 1941). Lesions of the nasal sinuses seem unique and Follis et al (1941) specifically state that the rats' nasal mucosa was unaffected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The histopathology of zinc deficiency in ducks

Wight

Dewar

1976

The Journal of Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ducks maintained from hatching on zinc-deficient diets were retarded in growth and had severe lesions of the pedal epidermis, epithelia of the base of the tongue, oral surface of the larynx and nasal sinuses. Similar but milder changes affected the roof of the mouth, the crop and the oesophagus of a few cases. There was derangement of the architecture of the rete mucosum with loss of distinction between the cells of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum. Enlargement of the nuclei and nucleoli of these cells, widening of the intercellular space and dyskeratosis and degeneration, particularly of the prickle cells, were seen. Although epithelial atrophy occurred in early examples of the condition, acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and heterophil infiltration of the epithelial layers were characteristic of most cases. Erosion of the epithelium with the formation of purulent crusts ocntaining secondary bacterial foci was present and in these cases inflammatory phenomena occurred in the dermis. A small proportion of the nuclei of the pancreatic exocrine cells were enlarged and irregular in shape.

show abstract

Induction of marginal zinc deficiency in female rhesus monkeys

Golub

Gershwin

Hurley

et al. 1982

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although severe zinc deficiency has been previously induced in rhesus monkeys, marginal zinc deprivation, a state more analogous to that found in human populations has not been characterized. To address this issue, zinc deficiency was induced in mature female rhesus monkeys by restriction of dietary zinc in a semipurified diet based on sprayed egg white as the protein source. Groups of monkeys were fed dietary levels of 0.5, 2 , 4 , 8, 12, 20, or 100 ppm zinc. Plasma zinc concentration fell from an initial level of 92-148 Fg/lOO ml to levels between 40 and 90 pgi100 ml in monkeys fed 8 ppm zinc or less. This reduction in plasma zinc concentration was associated with alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte mitogen responsiveness, taste sensitivity, and behavior similar to those seen in human zinc deficiency. However, in contrast to studies of severe zinc deprivation, our animals did not manifest alopecia, dermatitis, anorexia, or weight loss. It was concluded that marginal dietary zinc deficiency can be readily produced in primates and that depressed zinc levels achieved by this selective dietary restriction can lead to quantitative physiological changes without overt pathology. These findings are important for the development of a relevant animal model of marginal zinc deficiency.

show abstract

Parakeratosis of the Tongue — a Unique Histopathologic Lesion in the Zinc-Deficient Squirrel Monkey

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Low Levels of Zinc in Hair, Anorexia, Poor Growth, and Hypogeusia in Children

Low Levels of Zinc in Hair, Anorexia, Poor Growth, and Hypogeusia in Children

The histopathology of zinc deficiency in ducks

Induction of marginal zinc deficiency in female rhesus monkeys

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About