Parallel Determination of Gut Permeability in Man with M _r 400, M _r 1500, M _r 4000 and M _r 10 000 Polyethylene Glycol

Abstract

Parlcsak and Bode: Gut pcrmeabiiity of K 400, M r 1500, M r 4000 and M r 10000 polyethylene glycol in man 813 Eur. J. Clin. Chcm. Clin. Biochem. Vol. 32, 1994, pp. 813-820 © 1994 Summary: Polyethylene glycol has been in use for a number of years for the assessment of gut permeability. The methods so far employed are usually limited to polyethylene glycols in the low relative molecular mass r nge (up to M T 1300). We developed a method for the simultaneous determination of gut permeability to M r 400, M r 1500, Af r 4000 and M r 10000 polyethylene glycol, by applying a single oral dose of an appropriate mixture of these polyethylene glycols. After extraction from 24 h-urine, M T 1500, A/ r 4000 and M T 10000 polyethylene glycol were quantified by size exclusion chromatography, while M r 400 polyethylene glycol was determined by reversed phase chromatography. The detection limit of polyethylene glycol in the relative molecular mass r nge between M r 1500 and Μ τ 10000 was found to be 0.2 mg/1 urine, and the detection limit of Af r 400 polyethylene glycol 5 mg/1 urine. Recovery of the polyethylene glycols (N = 6) were 86.6% (CV: 4.8%) for H 400, 94.1% (CV: 7.2%) for M r 1500, 97.1% (CV: 5.5%) for M r 4000 and 97.4% (CV: 5.6%) for M r 10000.

Polytetrafluoroethylene Ingestion as a Way to Increase Food Volume and Hence Satiety Without Increasing Calorie Content

“…Parenteral injections of radiolabeled polyvinylpyrrolidone in humans demonstrated that the permeability cut-off of the human small intestine is MW of 80 000 Da. 24,25 The GI permeability "cut-off" MW was also confirmed using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 26,27 and, even for patients with irritable bowel syndrome, it is below 80 000 Da 28,29 and therefore an order of magnitude below the MW of PTFE which is in the million Das.…”

The pravastatin-induced decrease of biliary cholesterol secretion is not directly related to an inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in humans

“…Finally PEGs were resolubilized in 1-mL of high-performance liquid chromatography solvent consisting of methanol:H 2 O (66:34 volume). Aliquots of 200 µL were analyzed in quadruplicate by high-performance liquid chromatography (pump M510, automatic injector WISP 710B, differential refractometer R401; Waters, Eschborn, Germany and 2 serial connected columns LiChroCart 250 · 10; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) under isocratic conditions with a solvent flow of 1 mL/min according to Parlesak et al 32 Biliary phospholipids and bile acids were measured by a commercial kit (Boehringer Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and a 3␣-steroid dehydrogenase assay, 33 respectively. Standard analysis procedures served for the estimation of lipids, liver enzymes, bilirubin, and differential blood counts in plasma and whole blood.…”

Increased intestinal macromolecular permeability and urine nitrite excretion associated with liver cirrhosis with ascites

“…After transmigration into the blood, the polar PEGmolecule is excreted with the urine. Because of its homogeneous chemical properties, its appropriately adaptable molecular mass and its linear, chain-like shape (mimicking the comparable structure of endotoxin) [28] , PEG seems to be an appropriate probe for the assessment of LPS translocation through the intestine. All of these demands cannot be met by other commonly used permeability marker compounds such as mono-or disaccharides, sugar alcohols, complexes with radioactive nuclides (51Cr-EDTA, 99mTc-DTPA), proteins, or even combinations of these compounds [29] .…”