Parallel environmental factors drive variation in insect density and plant resistance in the native and invaded ranges

Sakata, Yuzu; Craig, Tony; Itami, Joanne K.; Yamasaki, Michimasa; Ohgushi, Takayuki

doi:10.1002/ecy.1978

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…These results suggest that among‐population variation in tolerance to folivory may not be driven by herbivory pressure. Few studies have investigated broad geographic variation in tolerance, with one study showing the same latitudinal cline as reported herein (Lehndal and Ågren ) and the remaining studies showing no relationship between tolerance and latitude (Więski and Pennings , Prendeville et al , Sakata et al ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…To date, most investigations of the LHDH have focused solely on resistance mechanisms, largely ignoring other defense strategies such as plant tolerance (Anstett et al ). To our knowledge, only five studies have examined tolerance to herbivory along a latitudinal cline, with two finding support of the LHDH for resistance and the opposite pattern for tolerance (Lehndal and Ågren , b), and others finding no relationship between latitude and tolerance (Więski and Pennings , Prendeville et al , Sakata et al ). However, no studies have considered how tolerance in invasive species and co‐occurring native species might differ across a broad geographic range and contribute to invasion success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lineage and latitudinal variation in Phragmites australis tolerance to herbivory: implications for invasion success

Croy

Meyerson

Allen

et al. 2020

Oikos

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Herbivores play a critical role in plant invasions either by facilitating or inhibiting species establishment and spread. However, relatively few studies with invasive plant species have focused on the role of plant tolerance and how it varies geographically to influence invasion success. We conducted a common garden study using two lineages (native and invasive) of the grass Phragmites australis that are prevalent in North American wetlands. Using 31 populations collected across a broad geographic range, we tested five predictions: 1) the invasive lineage is more tolerant to simulated folivory than the native lineage, 2) tolerance to herbivory decreases with increasing latitude of origin of the populations, 3) estimates of tolerance are correlated with putative tolerance traits and plasticity in those traits, 4) a tradeoff exists between tolerance and resistance to herbivory and 5) tolerance has a fitness cost. Response to folivory varied substantially among populations of P. australis, ranging from intolerance to overcompensation. Our model selection procedure deemed lineage to be an important predictor of tolerance but, contrary to our prediction, the native lineage was 19% more tolerant to folivory than the invasive lineage. Tolerance for both lineages exhibited a u‐shaped relationship with latitude. A tolerance–resistance tradeoff was evident within the invasive but not the native lineage. Also, tolerance was positively correlated with belowground biomass allocation, leaf silica concentrations, specific leaf area and plasticity in stem density, and negatively correlated with the relative growth rate of the population and plasticity in putative resistance traits. Lastly, although we did not detect costs of tolerance, our results highlight that fast growth rates can maintain high fitness in the presence of herbivory. Herbivory and plant defense strategies for P. australis lineages in North America exhibit complex biogeographic patterns that cause substantial heterogeneity in enemy release and biotic resistance and, consequently, invasion success.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineage and latitudinal variation in Phragmites australis tolerance to herbivory: implications for invasion success

Croy

Meyerson

Allen

et al. 2020

Oikos

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“…From June to August 2013, we collected rhizome segments of S. altissima belonging to 10 genotypes from clumps at least 5 m apart from two populations in the USA (Minnesota, Kansas), and three populations in Japan (Saga, Shiga, Yamagata). Lace bugs were abundant on S. altissima in populations of Kansas, Saga, and Shiga, while they were absent or at low densities in populations of Minnesota and Yamagata (Sakata et al, , ). The rhizome segments were planted in a greenhouse at the Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Japan and at the Research and Field Studies Center, University of Minnesota Duluth (Table ), followed by cultivation for two growing seasons to remove historical effects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Uesugi and Kessler () found that Japanese S. altissima with low resistance to lace bugs showed lower production of leaf secondary metabolites such as diterpene acids, which may also affect resistance to other herbivorous insects. Diverse taxa of herbivorous insects were observed feeding on the plant in the USA, but very few taxa were observed in Japan (Sakata, Craig, Itami, Yamasaki, & Ohgushi, ). However, lace bug density was higher in Japan compared to the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally triggered variability in the genetic variance–covariance of herbivory resistance of an exotic plantSolidago altissima

Sakata

Utsumi

Craig

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

Self Cite

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The variability in the genetic variance–covariance (G‐matrix) in plant resistance and its role in the evolution of invasive plants have been long overlooked. We conducted an additional analysis of the data of a reciprocal transplant experiment with tall goldenrod, Solidago altissima, in multiple garden sites within its native range (USA) and introduced range (Japan). We explored the differences in G‐matrix of resistance to two types of foliar herbivores: (a) a lace bug that is native to the USA and recently introduced to Japan, (b) and other herbivorous insects in response to plant origins and environments. A negative genetic covariance was found between plant resistances to lace bugs and other herbivorous insects, in all combinations of garden locations and plant origins except for US plants planted in US gardens. The G‐matrix of the resistance indices did not differ between US and Japanese plants either in US or Japanese gardens, while it differed between US and Japanese gardens in both US and Japanese plants. Our results suggested that the G‐matrix of the plant resistance may have changed in response to novel environmental differences including herbivore communities and/or other biotic and abiotic factors in the introduced range. This may have revealed a hidden trade‐off between resistances, masked by the environmental factors in the origin range. These results suggest that the stability of the genetic covariance during invasion, and the environmentally triggered variability in the G‐matrices of plant resistance may help to protect the plant against multiple herbivore species without changing its genetic architecture and that this may lead to a rapid adaptation of resistance in exotic plants. Local environments of the plant also have a critical effect on plant resistance and should be considered in order to understand trait evolution in exotic plants.

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“…At each site, five quadrats were positioned in open ground and three quadrats in a narrow strip 25 m apart [27,28] to sample herbaceous plants. In each habitat, the relative foliage cover on each quadrat by visual(in percentage), number of individuals, and density and frequency of each plant species were quantitatively estimated using random quadrat methods [29]. A professional botanist helped identify the plants in the field.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Wetland Plant Communities and Environmental Factors in the Tumen River Basin in Northeast China

Zheng

Ramamonjisoa

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Understanding what controls wetland vegetation community composition is vital to conservation and biodiversity management. This study investigates the factors that affect wetland plant communities and distribution in the Tumen River Basin, Northeast China, an internationally important wetland for biodiversity conservation. We recorded floristic composition of herbaceous plants, soil properties, and microclimatic variables in 177, 1 × 1 m 2 quadrats at 45 sites, located upstream (26), midstream (12), and downstream (7) of the Basin. We used TWINSPAN to define vegetation communities and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to examine the relationships between environmental and biological factors within the wetland plant communities. We recorded 100 plant species from 93 genera and 40 families in the upstream, 100 plant species from 57 genera and 31 families in the midstream, and 85 plant species from 76 genera and 38 families in the downstream. Higher species richness was recorded upstream of the River Basin. The plant communities and distribution were influenced by elevation, soil properties (total potassium, pH, and available phosphorus), and microclimate variables (surface temperature, precipitation, average temperature, sunshine hours, and relative humidity). More than any other factor, according to our results, elevation strongly influenced the structure of wetland plant communities. These findings support prevailing models describing the distribution of wetland plants along environmental gradients. The determination of the relationship between soil and plants is a useful way to better understand the ecosystem condition and can help manage the wetland ecosystem.

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Parallel environmental factors drive variation in insect density and plant resistance in the native and invaded ranges

Cited by 25 publications

References 64 publications

Lineage and latitudinal variation in Phragmites australis tolerance to herbivory: implications for invasion success

Lineage and latitudinal variation in Phragmites australis tolerance to herbivory: implications for invasion success

Environmentally triggered variability in the genetic variance–covariance of herbivory resistance of an exotic plantSolidago altissima

Relationship between Wetland Plant Communities and Environmental Factors in the Tumen River Basin in Northeast China

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