Parallel Polymer Reactions of a Polyfluorene Derivative by Electrochemical Oxidation and Reduction

Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Based on Monolithic Electrodes Containing Well-defined TiO2 Nanotube Size Gradients

“…Bipolar electrochemistry, [26][27][28][29][30] is a relatively new research topic which nevertheless has attracted significant attention as a means of fabricating molecular gradients on surface, [31] redox gradients within conducting polymer layer, [32] template-less metal-organic frameworks, [33] and, very recently, anodic TiO 2 nanotube arrays containing size gradients [25]. The present free-standing TiO 2 nanotube electrodes, which are employed as monolithic electrodes in Li-ion batteries, contain extended (i.e.…”

Electrochemical Post‐Functionalization of Conducting Polymers

“…Among these methods, the divergent mode gives two different products from one starting material by parallel anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction within a single cell. Using this process, we demonstrated the paired polymer reactions of a conjugated polymer ( P1 ) having oxidizable and reducible alcohol moieties (Table ) . The 9‐fluorenol moiety in this copolymer is both oxidizable to 9‐fluorenone and reducible to fluorene.…”

“…In the case of the P3 obtained by the electrochemical reduction of P1 , the intensity of the emission band at 550 nm relative to that at 460 nm was changed remarkably, to afford bright yellow emission. Interestingly, the emission colors of the P2 and P3 films were drastically changed from that of P1 as a result of the respective oxidation and reduction of the starting polymer …”

“…The combination of bipolar electrochemistry and the parallel polymer reactions described above is very interesting because the divergent‐type transformation of a fluorenol‐based precursor polymer can potentially be achieved at both poles of the BPE. In such cases, a multicolored gradient is expected in the resulting reacted polymer film.…”

“…To investigate this possibility, a BDD plate covered with P1 was placed between stainless driving electrodes in 5 m m Et 4 NOTs/2‐propanol, as shown in the apparatus presented in Figure , and a constant current was passed between the electrodes . Following the electrolysis, the emission of the polymer film under UV irradiation exhibited a gradual transition from yellow through blue to dark orange going from the cathodic to the anodic pole (Figure ).…”