Paralysie aiguë après une «mauvaise patate» un cas de botulisme

Bhutani, Mohit; Ralph, Edward D.; Sharpe, Michael D.

doi:10.1007/bf03016290

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Home bottled mushrooms in England (Roberts et al, 1998) and home preserved asparagus in Italy (Zanon et al, 2006). Other FoNAO associated with botulism outside the EU have included include: canned, bottled, vacuum packed and preserved vegetables in the US Horwitz et al, 1975;Roberts et al, 1998;Zanon et al, 2006), vegetable products and juices in the US (CDC, 2006a;Sheth et al, 2008); dried and fermented bean curd in the US and Taiwan (CDC, 2007a;Lai et al, 2011), an alcoholic vegetable drink in the US (Vugia et al, 2009); vegetables in oil in the US and Canada (Lohse et al, 2003;Morse et al, 1990;St Louis et al, 1988); aluminium foil-wrapped baked potatoes in the US (Cawthorne et al, 2005;Pingeon et al, 2011); preserved olives in Finland and Turkey (Jalava et al, 2011;Swaan et al, 2010) and potato salad as well as potato soup in the US (Bhutani et al, 2005;CDC, 2011c;Seals et al, 1981). Consumption of corn syrup has been epidemiologically identified as a risk factor for infant botulism in the US (Olsen and Swerdlow, 2000;Spika et al, 1989).…”

Section: Clostridium Botulinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risk posed by pathogens in food of non-animal origin. Part 1 (outbreak data analysis and risk ranking of food/pathogen combinations)

Publication¹

2013

EFSA Journal

179

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European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy ABSTRACTFood of non-animal origin (FoNAO) is consumed in a variety of forms, and a major component of almost all meals. These food types have the potential to be associated with large outbreaks as seen in 2011 associated with VTEC O104. A comparison of the incidence of human cases linked to consumption of FoNAO and of food of animal origin (FoAO) was carried out to provide an indication of the proportionality between these two groups of foods. It was concluded that outbreak data reported as part of EU Zoonoses Monitoring is currently the only option for EU-wide comparative estimates. Using this data from 2007 to 2011, FoNAO were associated with 10% of the outbreaks, 26% of the cases, 35% of the hospitalisations and 46% of the deaths. If the data from the 2011VTEC O104 outbreak is excluded, FoNAO was associated with 10% of the outbreaks, 18% of cases, but only 8% of the hospitalisations and 5% of the deaths. From 2008 to 2011 there was an increase in the numbers of reported outbreaks, cases, hospitalisations and deaths associated with food of non-animal origin. In order to identify and rank specific food/pathogen combinations most often linked to human cases originating from FoNAO in the EU, a model was developed using seven criteria: strength of associations between food and pathogen based on the foodborne outbreak data from EU Zoonoses Monitoring (2007-11), incidence of illness, burden of disease, dose-response relationship, consumption, prevalence of contamination and pathogen growth potential during shelf life. Shortcomings in the approach using outbreak data were discussed. The top ranking food/pathogen combination was Salmonella spp. and leafy greens eaten raw followed by (in equal rank) Salmonella spp. and bulb and stem vegetables, Salmonella spp. and tomatoes, Salmonella spp. and melons, and pathogenic Escherichia coli and fresh pods, legumes or grain.© European Food Safety Authority, 2013 KEY WORDSFood of non-animal origin, foodborne pathogens, foodborne outbreaks, food/pathogen combination, risk ranking SUMMARYThe European Commission asked EFSA"s BIOHAZ Panel to prepare a scientific Opinion on the public health risk posed by pathogens that may contaminate food of non-animal origin (FoNAO). In particular, this opinion addresses the first two terms of reference for the mandate, namely: (i) to compare the incidence of foodborne human cases linked to FoNAO and foodborne cases linked to food of animal origin (FoAO), and (ii) to identify and rank specific food/pathogen combinations most often linked to foodborne human cases originating from FoNAO in the EU.For the comparison of the incidence of foodborne human cases linked to FoNAO and foodborne cases linked to FoAO, the BIOHAZ Panel concluded that: the analysis of the outbreak data reported as part of EU Zoonoses Monitoring allows attribution of human cases to food of non-animal origin or food of animal origin, and is currently the only option for obtaining a EU-wide comparative estimate of the proportion ...

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Section: Clostridium Botulinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risk posed by pathogens in food of non-animal origin. Part 1 (outbreak data analysis and risk ranking of food/pathogen combinations)

Publication¹

2013

EFSA Journal

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Cases of botulism due to wounds occur through punctiform wounds, open fractures, lacerations, crushes, gun wounds, abscess caused by the use of ilicit drugs and surgical incisions, where the Clostridium finds an ideal place to proliferate (Cecchini et al, 1996;Sandrock e Murin, 2001;Harvey et al, 2002;Merrison et al, 2002;Brett et al, 2004;Marks, 2004;Bhutani et al, 2005;Hutzler, 2005).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These proteins are the mediators of the fusion process between the synaptic vesicle and the terminal membrane. As the synaptic vesicles, full of acetylcholine, are prevented from accomplishing fusion, acetylcholine is not liberated in the neuromuscular junction, having as a consequence the paralysis of the muscle fiber (Merrison et al, 2002;Brett et al, 2004;Marks, 2004;Bhutani et al, 2005;Hutzler, 2005). The presynaptic inhibition affects not only the autonomous cholinergic receptors but also the motor receptors (Hutzler, 2005).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The botulinic toxin is a protein that presents seven different types of antigens indicated by the letters A to G. Among these, the types A, B, E and F are the most toxic to men (Cecchini et al, 1996;Harvey et al, 2002;Brett et al, 2004;Marks, 2004;Bhutani et al, 2005;Hutzler, 2005). It is easily denatured in normal environment conditions: inactivated in 12 hours when suspended in air; in one to three hours when exposed to sunlight; in 30 minutes when heated at 80 degrees and in a few minutes when heated at 100 degrees; in 20 minutes when in the water (3mg/L of chlorine) (Hutzler, 2005).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a gram-positive bacillus, anaerobic and sporulated, largely distributed in nature: in the soil, in lakes and seas, in food, in honey, in the organs of mammals, fish and crustaceous (Cecchini et al, 1996;Sandrock e Murin, 2001;Merrison et al, 2002;Brett et al, 2004;Bhutani et al, 2005;Hutzler, 2005).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Botulismo e disfagia

Mangilli

Andrade

2007

Pró-Fono R. Atual. Cient.

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Background: botulism is a severe neuroparalytic, of an acute characteristic, afebrile and is caused by the action of a toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. This toxin links itself to the receptors of the axon membrane of the motor neurons, preventing the release of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction, causing flaccid paralysis of the cranial nerves and skeleton musculature. Aim: to present the speech therapy procedures adopted with a patient with botulism and who was presenting dysphagia. Method: a male adult, with botulism, sent for a speech-language evaluation due to the presence of difficulties when swallowing saliva. During the evaluation the following was observed: alteration in mobility, tonicity and sensibility of the organs of the Orofacial Myofunctional System (OMSs); reduction of the laryngeal movements; stasis of saliva in the oral cavity; absence of the swallowing reflex; absence of the swallowing function. Nine speech therapy sessions were carried out with the following procedures: stimulation of the OMSs -mobility, tonicity and sensibility; stimulation of the oral and pharyngeal reflexes; tests and trainings for swallowing with different food consistencies and with the help of maneuvers aiming at the protection and clearing of the airways. Results: improvement in mobility, tonicity and sensibility of the OMSs; improvement in the elevation of the larynx; reestablishment of the swallowing function without the assistance of other professionals or clinical maneuvers; vocal quality close to the normal parameters (light hypernasality and pneumophonoarticulatory incoordination). The patient was discharged from hospital and speech therapy; clinical assistance for adjustment and improvement of the OMSs was suggested. Conclusion: speech therapy demonstrated to be efficient in the re-establishment of OMSs and of the swallowing function, enabling the patient to restore the adequate functionality of his orofacial myofunctional system. Key Words: Botulism; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Rehabilitation. R e s u m oTema: o botulismo é uma doença neuroparalítica grave, de caráter agudo, afebril e causada pela ação de uma toxina produzida pelo Clostridium botulinum. Essa toxina se liga aos receptores da membrana do axônio dos neurônios motores, impedindo a liberação de acetilcolina na junção neuromuscular, o que causa paralisia flácida dos nervos cranianos e da musculatura esquelética, estruturas responsáveis pela adequada funcionalidade da deglutição nos indivíduos. Objetivo: apresentar o trabalho fonoaudiológico realizado junto a um paciente com quadro clínico de botulismo com queixa de disfagia. Método: paciente adulto, gênero masculino, com quadro clínico de botulismo, encaminhado para avaliação fonoaudiológica por apresentar dificuldades em deglutir saliva. Durante avaliação observou-se: alteração na mobilidade, tonicidade e sensibilidade dos órgãos do Sistema Miofuncional Orofacial (OMSs); redução dos movimentos laríngeos; estase de saliva em cavidade oral; ausência do reflexo de deglu...

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