Parameter design of PLA/Wood Fused Filament Fabrication using Taguchi optimization methodology

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of four variables during fused filament fabrication of organic biocompatible composite material, PLA with coconut flour, at the ultimate tensile strength and elasticity module of the printed parts. The parameter optimization uses Taguchi L18 design and regression models. The examined deposition variables are the layer thickness, the nozzle temperature, the raster deposition angle, and filament printing speed. The effects of the above variables on the strength of the parts are essential to enhance the mechanical response of the printed parts. The experimental outcomes are investigated using the ANOM and ANOVA analysis and modeled utilizing linear regression models. In addition, an independent experiment was repeated three times at optimum parameters' levels to evaluate the methodology, giving predictions errors less than 3%.

A review on exploration of the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed biocomposites fabricated by fused deposition modelling (FDM)

“…PLA, a biopolymer produced from agricultural waste, is one of the most abundant biopolymers manufactured globally. According to most of the literature (Antony et al , 2020; Scaffaro et al , 2022b; Kechagias et al , 2021; Shahar et al , 2022; de Kergariou et al , 2022; Cuan-Urquizo et al , 2022; Sekar et al , 2021a, 2021b; Haryati et al , 2021; Belarbi et al , 2021; Chaidas and Kechagias, 2021; Zhang et al , 2020; Ayrilmis et al , 2020; Yaguchi et al , 2020), PLA is the preferred matrix material because of its lower melting temperature, better mechanical characteristics, low carbon emission and biodegradability (Ilyas, 2021).…”

“…The effect of raster angle on flexural properties was found to be insignificant since fibres and deposited layers were present in the x-y plane (Liu et al , 2019b). The analysis of variance analysis was carried out by Kechagias et al (2021) to investigate the importance of various parameters on the mechanical characteristics of FDM-printed biocomposite. The results showed the raster angle had 80.1% and 92.6% effect on ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, respectively.…”

“…According to the analysis of variance, the layer thickness has the greatest impact on the flexural properties of the printed material (Zandi et al , 2020b). The effect of layer thickness should be investigated separately because it is highly influenced by the interlayer bonding conditions (Kechagias et al , 2021).…”

“…The ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus of 3Dprinted parts were reduced to 25% and 35%, respectively, when compared to properties of biocomposite filament (Kechagias et al, 2021). There is considerable prospective research progress to be made in the areas of studying the effects of process parameters on the properties of printed parts, optimising process parameters and customising the FDM process suitable for biocomposites (Mazzanti et al, 2019).…”

“…It is used to create prototypes in the fields of architecture, biomedical, aerospace, automobiles and educational industries. Recently, applications of 3D-printed biocomposites are also reported like acoustic panels (Sekar et al , 2019), bicycle brake lever (Lamm, 2020), car fog light cover, unmanned aerial vehicle frame (Antony et al , 2020), furniture panels (Scaffaro et al , 2022b), fashion accessories (Kechagias et al , 2021) and mobile phone shell (Bi et al , 2018). The ability to print multi-material and customized complex geometries was made feasible by the ongoing advancement of the AM strategy in the field of healthcare applications like scaffold (Mangat et al , 2018; Goranov et al , 2020), neck orthosis (Calì et al , 2020), human ear and nose structure (Xu et al , 2018).…”