PARAMETER GENETIK SIFAT PERTUMBUHAN DAN KERAPATAN KAYU KLON Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. DI DUA TAPAK YANG BERBEDA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Abstract

Industrial forest plantations have an important role in fulfilling the wood demand. Based on global industrial development, the forest plantations industry will increase in the following years. Eucalyptus pellita has become main species in Indonesia forest plantations because it has a short cycle and wood products are suitable to forest industry. The average productivity of E. pellita plantations in Indonesia is still low and high variation. In an effort to increase the productivity, the first step is a better understanding of genetic control on growth and basic density. This study aims to determine the genetic parameters for growth and basic density of E. pellita clones on two different sites of clonal trial. The trials are designed using RCBD. The number of clones tested in both trial was 30, 5 blocks and 25 tree/plot. The result of the study showed that the effects of clones vary greatly according the enviromental conditions. The clones-environemntal interaction of growth trait is higher than the basic density. This is in line with genetic parameters of growth trait that are less stable than the basic density. The expected genetic gain of growth trait is higher than the basic density and at the same time there was a weak genetic correlation (there is even a negative) between growth trait and basic density. Therefore carefulness is needed in selecting clones when the two traits are used as selection parameters.

Evaluation of Genetic Parameters of Growth Characteristics and Basic Density of Eucalyptus pellita Clones Planted at Two Different Sites in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…were significantly different. In the present study, the results are also consistent with previous studies (Dhillon and Singh, 2010;Hidayati et al, 2019;Kartikaningtyas et al, 2020;Prasetyo et al, 2017;Ramadan et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2011b). Differences in the growth characteristics and basic density between clones is effect of genetic factor.…”

“…In Brazil, growth characteristics of 4.5-year-old Eucalyptus grandis were 18.82-22.32 m and 15.59-19.87 for tree heigh and stem diameter (Harrand et al, 2009). In the present study, the average value of growth characteristics was lower comparing to the previous results (Kartikaningtyas et al, 2020;Oliveira et al, 2018;Prasetyo et al, 2017;Ramadan et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2011a). These differences are due to the differences of genetic materials, ages, site, and environment.…”

“…tereticornis clones planted in southern China were 0.91 for tree diameter and heigth, as well as 0.87 for basic density (Yang et al, 2018). The heritability results of growth and basic density were higher than those in previous studies (Kien et al, 2010;Ramadan et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2011b), hence, there is a potential for improving growth characteristics and basic density in E.…”

“…Meanwhile, in E. urophylla × E. grandis clones at 5 years old in Congo, the expected gain was 26% direct selection for height and 62% for volume by selecting the best two clones (Makouanzi et al, 2017). Ramadan et al (2018) also reported that the expected gain of E.…”

“…These differences are due to the differences of genetic materials, ages, site, and environment. Development of the clones is sensitive to the site condition and environment (Ramadan et al, 2018). Leslie et al (2012) state that increasing of the tree growth is varies depend on the environment (soil, climate, and biotic factor) and genetic factor.…”