Specifically setting a time delay fractional financial system as the study object, this paper proposes a single controller method to eliminate the impact of model uncertainty and external disturbances on the system. The proposed method is based on the stability theory of Lyapunov sliding-mode adaptive control and fractional-order linear systems. The controller can fit the system state within the sliding-mode surface so as to realize synchronization of fractional-order chaotic systems. Analysis results demonstrate that the proposed single integral, sliding-mode control method can control the time delay fractional power system to realize chaotic synchronization, with strong robustness to external disturbance. The controller is simple in structure. The proposed method was also validated by numerical simulation.